Page 165 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZμ11% {ks=kh; iznZ'ku] Ñf"k o`f¼] mRikfnrk] izo`fÙk;k¡ vkSj iQly izfr:i

Ñf"kxr vknku (Agricultrual inputs) vkSj Kku miyC/ djkus esa lkgkÕ; (Subsidies) iznku dj ldrh gSA uksV
ljdkj oqQN izdkj dh iQlyksa osQ fy, oqQN lqfo/k,¡ miyC/ djk ldrh gSA ¯lpkbZ lqfo/k,¡] moZjd vkSj cht
vkfn miyC/ djkus dh O;oLFkk dks fo'ks"k 'kL;&izfr:i (Crop pattern) ls lEcfU/r fd;k tk ldrk gSA
;|fi [kk| 'kL; vf/fu;e (Food Crops Acts), Hkw mi;ksx vf/fu;e (Land Use Acts), /ku] dikl]
frygu vkfn dh l?ku [ksrh (Intensive cultivation) dh ;kstuk,¡] mRikn&'kqYd (Excise duties) rFkk fu;kZr
'kqYd (Export duties) vkfn osQ iz;ksx ls ;k bu fofHkUu mik;ksa osQ ,d lkFk iz;ksx ls dfYir fn'kk esa iQlyksa
oQ <kapsa dks izHkkfor fd;k tk ldrk gS] rFkkfi lEHko gS fd mDr leLr mik;ksa dk lEiw.kZ iQlyksa osQ <kaps
ij oqQy izHkko ,slk u iM+s tks jk"Vªh; vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i gksA
fu"d"kZ
'kL;&izfr:i (Cropping pattern) dks izHkkfor djus okys dkj.kksa esa vk£Fkd dkj.k lokZf/d egÙoiw.kZ gksrs
gSaA Hkkjr tSls ns'k esa tgk¡ fdlku nfjnz o :f<+xzLr gSa rFkk ftuosQ ikl Hkwfe osQ cgqr NksVs [k.M gh gSa] vk£Fkd
vfHkizsj.kkvksa (Economic incentives) }kjk iQlyksa osQ <kaps dks cnyk tk ldrk gSA gky gh osQ o"kks± dk vuqHko
bl ckr dh iqf"V djrk gS fd tc dHkh fdlku dks 'kL;&izfr:i dks cnyuk ;qfDrlaxr yxrk gS] rks og bl
;qfDr dks vo'; Lohdkj djrk gSA
m|ku [ksrh % ubZ igy

Hkkjrh; fdlku vc m|ku&[ksrh (Horticulture) osQ egÙo dks le>us yxs gSaA bl {ks=k esa 'kkfey gSaμiQy vkSj
lfCt;k¡] elkys] iq"i&[ksrh (Floricultrue) vkSj ufj;yA bl [ksrh ls Hkwfe dh mRikfnrk (Productivity) dks
mUur djus] jks”kxkj dk;e djus] iks"k.k&lEcU/h lqj{kk (Nutritional security) izkIr djus vkSj fdlkuksa dh
vk£Fkd fLFkfr lq/kjus esa enn feysxhA 2003&04 esa m|ku&[ksrh osQ vk/hu 170 yk[k gSDVs;j Hkwfe yk;h x;h
tks ns'k osQ oqQy dk'r&vk/hu {ks=kiQy dk 8-5 izfr'kr Fkh] tcfd ;g [ksrh 1991&92 esa 123 yk[k gSDVs;j
Hkwfe esa dh tkrh FkhA 1992 vkSj 2004 osQ nkSjku] eq[; m|ku&[ksrh lEcU/h iQlyksa dk mRiknu 970 yk[k Vu
ls c<+dj 1]560 yk[k Vu gks x;kA Hkkjr esa m|ku [ksrh lEcU/h mRiknksa dks c<+kus osQ fy, vR;fèkd {ks=k
fo|eku gSA Hkkjr fo'o esa iQy mxkus dk nwljk lcls cM+k mRiknd gS (480 yk[k Vu vkSj fo'o&mRiknu dk
10 izfr'kr) vkSj lfCt;ksa dk lcls cM+k mRiknd gS (900 yk[k Vu)A Hkkjrh; fdlku cM+s mRlkg ls u;h
iQlyksa vkSj cnyrs gq, mRiknu osQ <kaps dks viuk jgs gSaA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- lgh fodYi pqfu, (Choose the correct option)μ
1. bl 'krkCnh ds vkjEHk esa [kk| ,oa [kk|srj iQlyksa ds {ks=kiQy dk forj.k Øe'k% Fkk&
(d)80 vkSj 20 ([k) 83 vkSj 15
(x) 82 vkSj 81 (?k) 83 vkSj 17
2. 1951 ls 2004 ds chp vkyw ds {ks=kiQy esa o`f¼ gqbZ&
(d)15% ([k) 300%

(x) 200% (?k) 400%
3. 2003&2004 rd [kk|kUuksa vkSj xSj [kk|kUu iQlyksa ds v/hu {ks=kiQy ifjorfrZr gksdj gks x;k&

(d)70 % 20 ([k) 73 % 18
(x) 72 % 25 (?k) 76 % 24

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 159