Page 170 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV vknkuksa (Modern agricultural inputs) osQ iz;ksx esa 10 izfr'kr dh ok£"kd pØo`f¼ nj ls mUufr gqbZ gS vkSj
bldh rqyuk esa blh dky osQ nkSjku ikjEifjd vknkuksa dk iz;ksx osQoy 1 izfr'kr izfro"kZ c<+k gSA
u;h Ñf"k&rdukykth ,sls lalk/uksa vFkkZr~ moZjdksa] dhVuk'kdksa] Ñf"k&e'khujh vkfn ij vk/kfjr gS tks Ñf"k {ks=k
osQ ckgj mRiUu fd, tkrs gSaA blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i vk/qfud iQkeZ&vknkuksa (Farms inputs) osQ mRiknu djus
okys m|ksxksa dk rhoz xfr ls fodkl gqvk gSA iQkeZ&;U=khdj.k (Farm mechanization) vkSj ¯lpkbZ osQ egku
izksxzkeksa osQ iQyLo:i xzke&{ks=kksa esa fctyh vkSj Mh”ky osQ miHkksx esa o`f¼ gqbZA
vk/qfud rdukykth osQ xqákFkZ

u;h rdukykth viukus osQ iQyLo:i iQly osQ oqQy mRiknu vkSj mRikfnrk ,oa&jkstxkj esa yxkrkj
o`f¼ gqbZ gSA xsgw¡] pkoy] eDdk] vkyw vkfn osQ lEcU/ esa izHkko'kkyh ifj.kke izkIr gq, gSaA u;h rdukykth
osQ viukus ls jkstxkj esa Hkh o`f¼ gqbZ gS D;ksafd cgq&fof/ iQlyksa vkSj HkkM+k&etnwjksa osQ iz;ksx ls jkstxkj osQ
voljksa dk fofo/ fn'kkvksa esa foLrkj gqvk gSA blosQ lkFk gh Ñf"k&e'khujh osQ vR;kf/d iz;ksx ls Je dk
foLFkkiu (Displacement of labour) Hkh gqvk gSA
u;h rdukykth vkSj Ñf"k osQ vk/qfudhj.k ls Ñf"k vkSj m|ksx osQ ijLij lEcU/ dks vkSj etcwr cuk
fn;k gSA ikjEifjd Ñf"k ls Hkh Ñf"k ,oa m|ksx dk vxzxkeh&lEcU/ (Forward linkage) cgqr izcy Fkk D;ksafd
Ñf"k m|ksx osQ fy, cgqr ls vknku eqgS;k djkrh gS ijUrq buesa izfrxkeh lEcU/ (Backward linkage) cgqr detksj
Fkk D;ksafd Ñf"k }kjk m|ksx ls mRiUu cgqr de fu£er oLrqvksa dk iz;ksx gksrk FkkA ijUrq Ñf"k osQ vk/qfudj.k osQ
dkj.k Ñf"k }kjk m|ksx osQ ekè;e ls mRiUu vknkuksa (inputs) dh ek¡x esa Hkkjh o`f¼ gqbZ gS vkSj ifj.kker% Ñf"k dk
izfrxkeh lEcU/ vkSj etcwr gks x;k gSA bl izdkj Ñf"k ,oa m|ksx esa lEcU/ izcy gks x;k gSA
vk/qfud VsDuksykWth ls ,sls {ks=kksa dks lcls vf/d ykHk gqvk gS tks lk/u&lEiUu gSa vkSj blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i
vUr%{ks=kh; vlekurkvksa (Inter-regional disparities) esa o`f¼ gqbZ gSA Hkkjr osQ 70 izfr'kr {ks=kiQy esa vc Hkh
Ñf"k o"kks± dh vfuf'prrk ij fuHkZj gS vkSj u;h VsDuksykWth blosQ lEcU/ esa oqQN ugha dj ik;hA blls ns'k osQ
cgqr ls Hkkxksa esa mRiknu ,oa mRikfnrk osQ fuEu Lrj dh O;k[;k gksrh gSA blls oqQN o"kks± esa [kk|kUuksa ,oa udn
iQlyksa osQ mRiknu osQ fuEu Lrjksa dh Hkh O;k[;k gksrh gSA
NksVs fdlku ftuosQ foÙkh; Ïksr cgqr {kh.k gSa vkSj ftudh Í.kik=krk cgqr detksj gS] u;h rdukykth dks cM+s
iSekus ij viuk ugha losQ gSaA xzke&ifjokjksa dk cgqla[;d Hkkx ftlosQ ikl cgqr FkksM+h Hkwfe gS ;k Hkwfe gS gh
ugha] ubZ rdukykth esa vUr£ufgr vf/d tksf[ke] lalk/uksa ij lhfer fu;U=k.k vkSj laLFkkUkkRed lqfo/kvksa dk
vHkko Ñf"k dh vk/qfud rduhd osQ fodkl esa eq[; vM+pusa gSA
u;h VsDuksykWth us fdlku dks cktkj&izsfjr (Market-oriented) cuk fn;k gSA fdlku vknkuksa osQ lEHkj.k osQ fy,
vkSj vius mRikn dh ek¡x osQ fy, cktkj ij vf/d fuHkZj gks x, gSaA blosQ lkFk&lkFk tSls&tSls u;h rdukykth
osQ iz;ksx ls fdlkuksa dh udn vko';drkvksa esa o`f¼ gqbZ gS] mudh Ñf"k&m/kj dh ek¡x Hkh c<+ xbZ gSA
vfUre] vk/qfud VsDuksykWth us ikjEifjd VsDuksykWth ij viuh Js"Brk osQoy mUgha {ks=kksa esa LFkkfir dh gS ftuesa
¶mfpr ifjfLFkfr;k¡¸ fo|eku gSa ijUrq tSlk fd igys laosQr fd;k tk pqdk gS] ;s ifjfLFkfr;k¡ rks oqQN pqus gq,
{ks=kksa esa gh ik;h tkrh gSa vkSj ns'k dk 'ks"k Hkkx mUur rdukykth osQ fy, mfpr ugha gSA vr% vko';drk bl
ckr dh gS fd ,slh de&ykxr okyh rdukykth (Low cost technology) dk fodkl fd;k tk, tks NksVs
fdlkuksa }kjk viuk;h tk losQ vkSj ftlosQ }kjk LFkkuh; lalk/uksa dk iz;ksx ,oa fonksgu gks losQA

12-1-1 u;h Ñf"k fodkl j.kuhfr (Strategy) dh miyfC/;k¡ (Achievement of New
Agricultural Development (Strategy))

u;h Ñf"k fodkl&j.kuhfr dh eq[; miyfC/ vuktksa vFkkZr~ xsgw¡ vkSj pkoy osQ mRiknu dks c<+kok nsuk gSA
rkfydk 1 esa fiNys oqQN o"kks± osQ nkSjku eq[; [kk| iQlyksa dk mRiknu fn;k x;k gSA rkfydk ij è;kuiwoZd

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