Page 24 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV 2- Hkkjr esa vkS|ksfxd {kerk osQ foLrkj dks dkj.k iwath oLrqvksa esa dkexkj o lkoZtfud {ks=k dh HkwfedkA
3- lapkyu 'kfDr] ¯lpkbZ] ifjogu ,oa lapkj vkfn osQ :i esa vk£Fkd volajpuk dk fodklA
4- vkèkqfud vkS|ksfxd <kaps dks pykus gsrq fodkl ,oa vuqlaèkku vkSj rduhdh o izcUèkdh; dk;ks± dh
LFkkiukA
usg: egkyuksfol esa vkS|ksfxdj.k ij cy nsus dk dkj.k

1- vkèkkfjd o ewyHkwr m|ksxksa osQ fodkl }kjk gh rhoz vkS|ksfxdj.k dks izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g vkxkeh
fodkl dh i`"BHkwfe dks rS;kj djrs gSaA
2- vkS|ksfxd {ks=k osQ fodkl ls vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vU; {ks=kksa dks enn feyrh gS tSls vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa Ñf"ktU;
oLrqvksa dh ekax rks c<+rh gS lkFk gh lkFk Ñf"k fodkl osQ fy, Hkh Ñf"k vknkuksa ls lEcfUèkr m|ksxksa dk
fodkl gksrk gSA
3- Ñf"k ij tula[;k dh fuHkZjrk de djus gsrq vkS|ksfxd fodkl vko';d FkkA
4- 1956 esa vFkZO;oLFkk esa vlarqyu O;kIr Fkk] vkS|ksfxd n`f"V ls fiNM+kiu Fkk blfy, u;s m|ksxkasa dh LFkkiuk
vkSj fo|eku m|ksxksa dk fodkl ,oa foLrkj vko';d FkkA blosQ fy;s mRiknu rFkk rduhdh {kerk dks
c<+kus gsrq vkS|ksfxdj.k dh uhfr dks viukuk vko';d FkkA
5- m|ksxksa dh LFkkiuk ls jkstxkj laHkkoukvksa dk l`tu fd;k tk losQ vkSj lkFk gh izfr O;fDr mRikndrk
c<+k;h tk losQA
6- vkS|ksfxd fodkl osQ }kjk ;krk;kr ,oa laogu osQ lkèkuksa vkSj 'kfDr osQ mRikndrk dks Hkh xfr iznku dj
losQA

usg:&egkyuksfol ekWMy dh dfe;ka
Hkkjh m|ksxksa ij vkèkkfjr usg: fodkl ekWMy esa dbZ detksfj;ka FkhA rhu n'kdksa osQ vk;kstu osQ ckotwn ;g jk"Vªh;
U;wure thou Lrj miyCèk djkus esa vliQy jgkA 40 izfr'kr ls vfèkd tula[;k fuèkZurk Lrj osQ uhps jg jgh
FkhA csjkstxkj vkSj vYi jkstxkj O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k cgqr T;knk jgh] vkSj ;g yxkrkj c<+ jgh FkhA vk; rFkk lEifÙk
dh vlekurk;sa vkSj xaHkhj gksrh tk jgh FkhA oqQN yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa vk£Fkd 'kfDr dk losQUnz.k c<+rk tk jgk FkkA
Hkw&lqèkkjksa dks lgh <ax ls ykxw ugha fd;k x;k vkSj bl dkj.k xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa cgqr vfèkd vlarks"k jghA bu lcosQ
vfrfjDr ns'k esa dHkh ,d vkSj dHkh nwljh oLrq dk vHkko cuk jgk gSA vkSj blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i ns'k esa ,d Hk;adj
LiQhfrdkjh ncko iSnk gks x;kA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ ns[krs gq, Vidu fl¼kar dks Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Vidu fl¼kar (Trikle Down Theory)

;g fl¼kUr oLrqr% ijdksys'ku fl¼kar (Percolation Theory) Filtration Theory o* vk£Fkd o`f¼ osQ
vk;&forj.k ij izHkko* osQ :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA bl ckr dk vkèkkj ;g gS fd vk£Fkd fodkl ;k mPp lao`f¼
nj (high growth rate) ls mRiUu ykHk dk va'k Lor% fjlko osQ }kjk vU; fuEurj izkFkfedrkvksa osQ mís'; dks
izkIr djus esa lgk;d gksaxsA tSls xjhch fuokj.k] jkstxkj] l`tu] vk; vlekurk esa deh] thou dh xq.koÙkk esa
lqèkkj] vkRefuHkZjrk vkfnA ;g le>k tkrk gS fd tSls&tSls jk"Vªh; vk; dk vkdkj cM+k gksrk tk;sxk oSls&oSls
xjhcksa dh vk; dk fgLlk cM+k gksrk tk;sxk vkSj fuèkZurk Lor% nwj gks tk;sxhA lao`f¼ Lor% lapkfyr gksxhA
Vidu fl¼kUr dh vliQyrk osQ dkj.k
Vidu fl¼kUr ifjdYiuk dh liQyrk bl ckr ij fuHkZj djsxh fd ;g fuèkZurk fuokj.k o jkstxkj l`tu esa
lgk;d gqbZ ;k ughaA bl izdkj bls nks rfjosQ ls Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA
1- izFke] futh {ks=k esa gksus okys fofu;ksx rFkk mlosQ iQyLo:i jkstxkj l`tu esa va'k osQ }kjk ykHk osQ iSQyko
dh lhek fuèkkZfjr djosQA ;fn jkstxkj l`tu va'k vfèkd jgk rc vk£Fkd fodkl ls mRiUu ykHk èkhjs&èkhjs

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