Page 337 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—23% fons'kh iw¡th dh Hkwfedk % ,iQ-Mh-vkbZ- vkSj cgqjk"Vªh; fuxe

rkfydk 2 % os {ks=k ftuesa vf/dre izR;{k fons'kh fuos'k dh LohÑfr;ka nh x;ha vkSj okLrfod uksV
vUrizZokg (tuojh 1991 ls ekpZ 2004 rd)

{ks=k LohÑr oqQy izR;{k fons'kh oqQy izR;{k vUrizokZg
izR;{k dk fuos'k dk fons'kh oqQy LohÑfr;ka
fons'kh fuos'k izfr'kr vUrizZokg fuos'k dk osQ izfr'kr
(djksM+ #-) (djksM+ #i;s) izfr'kr osQ :i esa
(1) (2) (3) (4) 5 = 3/1×100

1- ÅtkZ ftlesa 77]828 26-62 9]802 10-21 12-6
(dk) ikoj 43]703 14-95
([k) rsy ifj'kks/u 34]125 11-67
2- Vsyh lapkj 57]328 19-61 10]725 11-17 18-7
3- fctyh midj.k· 28]072 9-94 13]930 14-50 47-9
4- ifjogu 21]966 7-51 11]517 11-99 52-4
5- lsok {ks=k 19-261 6-59 8]134 8-47 42-2
6- /krq deZ m|ksx 15]534 5-31 1]254 1-31 8-1
7- jlk;u (moZjdksa dks NksM+dj) 13]090 4-48 5]692 5-93 43-5
8- [kk| ,oa [kk|&izlaLdj.k 9]620 3-29 4]346 4-53 45-2
9- gksVy ,oa i;ZVu 5]215 1-78 899 0-87 17-2
10- VSDlkbYl 3-517 1-20 1]163 1-21 33-1

oqQy (1 ls 10 rd) 2]51]431 86-33 67]462 70-19 26-8

uksVμbuesa dEI;wVj lkWÝVos;j vkSj bySDVªkfuDl 'kfey gSaA

cgqjk"Vªh; fuxe (Multinational Corporations)
,dkf/dkj vkSj vk£Fkd osQUnzh;dj.k dh leL;k,a vc fdlh ,d jk"Vª rd gh lhfer u jgdj vU; jk"Vªksa dks
Hkh izHkkfor djus yxh gSA ,sls Hkh o`gn~ vkdkj osQ fuxe ;k dEifu;ka gSa tks ,d ls vf/d ns'kksa esa iSQyh gqbZ gSaA
,sls jk"Vªikj fuxeksa osQ xq.k Hkh gSa vkSj voxq.k Hkh ftudk vè;;u djuk buosQ izfr uhfr&fu/kZj.k osQ fy, t:jh
gS] rkfd buls vf/d ls vf/d ykHk mBk;k tk losQ vkSj budh gkfu;ksa ls ;Fkk laHko cpk tk losQA
vFkZ vkSj dk;Z{ks=k dh lhekμ cgqjk"Vªh; fuxeksa osQ lgh <ax ls foospu osQ fy, loZizFke buosQ vFkZ dk;Z{ks=k
dks le>uk t:jh gSA vFkZμcgqjk"Vªh; fuxeksa dh ifjHkk"kk bl izdkj dh tk ldrh gS% ;g ,d ,slh dEiuh gS
tks ,d ls vf/d ns'kksa esa iSQyh gksrh gS vkSj ftldk mRiknu vkSj lsok&lqfo/k,a ml ns'k osQ ckgj Hkh gksrh gSa ftlesa
;g tUe ysrh gSaA ,slh dEifu;ksa dks vUrjkZ"Vªh; dEiuh ;k cgqjk"Vªh; dEiuh@fuxe dgk tkrk gSA ,slh dEifu;ksa
dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd buosQ izeq[k fu.kZ; iwjs fo'o osQ lanHkZ esa fy, tkrs gSa ftlosQ dkj.k buosQ
fu.kZ; cgq/k ml ns'k dh uhfr;ksa ls esy ugha [kkrs ftuesa ;s dk;Z djrh gSaA buosQ vf/dre ykHk osQ mís'; esa
bl ckr dk lekos'k ugha gksrk fd budh fØ;kvksa dh izfrfØ;k ml ns'k ij D;k gksxh ftlesa ;s dk;Zjr gksrh gSaA
;s dEifu;ka fofHkUu ns'kksa esa fofHkUu izdkj dh laLFkkvksa osQ ekè;e ls dk;Z djrh gSA vYifodflr ns'kksa esa ;s viuh
fu;af=kr dEiuh ;k dEifu;ksa ftu ij mudk iwjk LokfeÙo gksrk gS] osQ ekè;e ls dk;Z djrh gSaA ;s fu;af=kr] nwljs
ns'k dh dEifu;ksa osQ lkFk feydj la;qDr m|e LFkkfir dj ysrh gSa] ;k fiQj fofHkUu ns'kksa dh dEifu;ksa osQ lkFk
mRiknu vkSj cktkj vkfn osQ lEcU/ esa le>kSrk dj ldrh gSaA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 331