Page 399 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—28% lekukUrj vFkZO;oLFkk

28-1-1 Hkkjr esa dkys /u dk izknqHkkZo (Impergence of Black Money in India) uksV
Hkkjr esa dkys /u dk izknqHkkZo f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ osQ i'pkr~ ls 'kq: gksrk gS tc fczfV'k ljdkj }kjk vfuok;Z
oLrqvksa dh deh dks nwj djus osQ fy, fu;U=k.k dh O;oLFkk 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA fooj.k vkSj fu;U=k.kksa dh
O;oLFkk osQ dkj.k Hkkjr esa xqIr cktkj dk izknqHkkZo gqvkA xqIr cktkj esa fu/kZfjr dherksa osQ LFkku ij oLrqvksa
dh eupkgh dhersa olwy dh tkrh Fkha iQyr% O;kikfj;ksa vkSj m|ksxifr;ksa dks vR;f/d ykHk gqvkA bl izdkj
dek;s x;s ykHk dks os u rks vius fglkc esa fn[kkrs Fks vkSj u gh cSadksa esa tek djrs FksA bl izdkj Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk esa dkys /u dk izknqHkkZo gqvkA 'kuS%&'kuS% dkys /u dh ek=kk c<+rh xbZ vkSj Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk
osQ lekukUrj ,d vkSj vFkZO;oLFkk iuius yxh ftls dkys /u dh vFkZO;oLFkk dgrs gSaA
dkys /u osQ vkdyu dh fof/;k¡ (Methods of Estimation of Black Money)

dkys /u dk vuqeku yxkus osQ fy, dbZ n`f"Vdks.kksa ls dke fy;k tkrk gS] tSlsμ(i) jktdks"kh; n`f"Vdks.k] (ii)
ekSfnzd n`f"Vdks.k] (iii) Je cktkj n`f"Vdks.k rFkk (iv) jk"Vªh; rFkk ys[kk n`f"Vdks.kA lkoZtfud foÙk ,oa uhfr
osQ jk"Vªh; laLFkku us foÙkh; n`f"Vdks.k dks viuk;kA foÙkh; i¼fr dk lw=k fuEufyf[kr gSμ
BI = TTI – TAT

;gk¡ BI = dkyk /u (djksa dh pksjh ls mRiUu vk;)
TTI = oqQy dj ns; vk; rFkk
TAT = oqQy okLrfod djkjksfir vk;A
28-1-2 Hkkjr esa dkys /u dh ek=kk (Magnitude of Black Money in India)

Hkkjr esa dkys /u dh lgh ek=kk dk vuqeku yxkuk ,d vR;Ur dfBu dk;Z gS D;ksafdμ
(i) dkyk /u vkSj lisQn /u ,d&nwljs ls brus vf/d feyrs tk jgs gSa fd fdlh Hkh le; vklkuh ls
dkys /u dks lisQn /u esa vkSj lisQn /u dks dkys /u esa ljyrk ls cnyk tk ldrk gSA iQyr% bu
nksuksa eqnzkvksa osQ chp foHkktu djus okyh js[kk /wfey gksrh tk jgh gS vkSj blh dkj.k dkyh eqnzk dk
vkdyu dfBu gksrk tk jgk gSA
(ii) Hkkjr esa dkys /u dk vuqeku yxkuk blfy, Hkh dfBu gS D;ksafd vf/dka'k O;fDr Lojkstxkj ;qDr gSa
tSlsμO;kikjh] nqdkunkj] y?kq fuekZrk vkfnA vf/dka'k vk; vtZuksa dh lgh vk; dk vuqeku yxkuk
dfBu gSA ;s O;fDr vklkuh ls dj ifjgkj djus esa liQy gks tkrs gSaA
mijksDr dfBukb;ksa osQ gksrs gq, Hkh Hkkjr esa dkys /u dk vuqeku yxkus osQ fy, dbZ vè;;u fd;s x;s gSa ysfdu
fo}kuksa us dkys /u dh ek=kk dk vyx&vyx vuqeku yxk;k gSA oqQN izeq[k vuqeku fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(1) fudksyl dkYMksj osQ vuqlkjμHkkjr esa loZizFke dkys /u dk vuqeku izfl¼ vFkZ'kkL=kh fudksyl
dkYMksj us yxk;k ftuosQ vuqlkj lu~ 1953-54 esa 600 djksM+ #i;s dk dkyk /u gksus dk vuqeku
yxk;k x;kA
(2) okUpw lfefr osQ vuqekuμokUpw lfefr us crk;k fd 1961-69 rd osQ yxHkx 10 o"kks± esa dkyh eqnzk

700 djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj 1,400 djksM+ #i;s gks xbZ FkhA lfefr osQ ,d lnL; Lo- Mh- ys- jaxusdj
us vius vlgefr uksV esa dgk Fkk fd ;g 1965-66 esa 2,340 djksM+ ls c<+dj 1967-70 esa 3,080 djksM+
#i;s gks xbZ FkhA mlh fof/ osQ vuqlkj jaxusdj }kjk lekukUrj vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vkdkj dk vuqeku
1973-74 osQ fy, 5,909 djksM+ #i;s Fkk 1980-81 osQ fy, 18,241 djksM+ #i;s fd;k x;k FkkA
(3) lkoZtfud foÙk o uhfr ij jk"Vªh; laLFkku osQ vuqekuμHkkjr ljdkj }kjk dkys /u dh leL;k

dk gy fudkyus osQ fy, lkoZtfud foÙk o uhfr ij jk"Vªh; laLFkku dks ns'k osQ fcuk fglkc osQ
eqnzk dk vuqeku yxkus dk dk;Z tqykbZ 1982 dks lkSaik x;k ftlus viuk izfrosnu 1986 esa izLrqr fd;kA

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