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Hkkjrh; vk£Fkd uhfr
uksV 8- vU; dkj.k (Other Causes)μlkoZtfud foÙk ,oa uhfr osQ jk"Vªh; laLFkku dh fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj
¶ljdkj Lo;a 'kh'ks osQ edku esa jgrh gS D;ksafd fiNys nks n'kdksa esa blosQ }kjk O;; esa o`f¼ us dkys
/u osQ l`tu esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA¸ ljdkjh O;; tks 1970-71 esa 8,847 djksM+ #i;s Fkk]
1983-84 esa c<+dj 60,748 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA ^laFkkue lfefr* us tks ckr 1964 esa dgh Fkh] og
vkt Hkh lR; gS cfYd fLFkfr vkSj Hkh [kjkc gks x;h gSA fuekZ.k osQ lc Bsdksa] [kjhn&fcØh rFkk vU;
fu;fer O;kikj esa tks ljdkj dh vksj ls fd;s tkrs gSa] ,d fuf'pr izfr'kr dk Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gSA
eqnzk&LiQhfr osQ dkj.k okLrfod vk; vkSj okLrfod lEifÙk ij dj Hkkj c<+rk gS ftlls djoapu
dks izksRlkgu feyrk gSA
28-1-5 dkys /u dk izHkko (Effect of Black Money)
^okUpw lfefr* us dkys /u dks vFkZO;oLFkk esa yxs ?kqu dk uke fn;k gS ftl ij ;fn izfrcU/ u yxk;k x;k
rks ;g vFkZO;oLFkk dks fouk'k dh vksj ys tk,xkA
izks- xqUukj feMZy us viuh iqLrd ^/kjk osQ fo#¼* (Against the Stream) fy[kk gS fd ¶dkys /u dh
lekukUrj vFkZO;oLFkk iuirh tk jgh gSA ;g leLr vk;kstu dks foÑr vkSj jktuhfrd thou dks fo"kkDr dj
nsrh gS D;ksafd jktuhfrd ik£V;ksa vkSj bu ik£V;ksa esa dk¡xzsl Hkh ihNs ugha gS rFkk ;nkdnk fofHkUu jktuhfrKksa dks
vklkuh ls miyC/ vkSj fNis lk/uksa esa fgLlk c¡Vkus osQ fy, jkth dj fy;k tkrk gSA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd Hkkjr
esa lq[kn vkSj lqfLFkj fodkl osQ fy, Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj ^uje jkT;* osQ vU; lc ifj.kkeksa osQ fo#¼] Ñr&ladYi
vkSj fujUrj la?k"kZ] vfuok;Z vkSj fu.kkZ;d gSA¸
1- dkys /u dk izHkko jktdks"kh; iz.kyh ij izHkko
2- lk/uksa ds forj.k ij cqjk izHkko
3- vk; ds forj.k ij izHkko
4- ekSfnzd uhfr ds fØ;kUo;u esa dfBukbZ
5- vFkZ O;oLFkk ds lEcU/ esa xyr lqpuk,¡
la{ksi esa] dkys /u dk vFkZO;oLFkk ij fuEufyf[kr nq"izHkko iM+rs gSaμ
1- jktdks"kh; iz.kkyh ij izHkko (Effect on Fiscal Policy)μdj dh pksjh dk lcls cM+k nq"izHkko ;g
gksrk gS fd ljdkj djksa ls izkIr gksus okyh vk; osQ ,d cM+s Hkkx ls oafpr gks tkrh gS iQyr%
vf/d vkxe izkIr djus osQ fy, ljdkj euekuh dj yxkrh gS vkSj dj dh njksa esa o`f¼ djrh gSA
blls djoapu dks izksRlkgu feyrk gSA ;gh ugha] dj vkxe osQ bl oapu ls oqQN nh?kZdkyhu ifj.kke
Hkh gksrs gSa tSls blls dj iz.kkyh dh yksp 'kfDr de gks tkrh gSA
2- lk/uksa osQ forj.k ij cqjk izHkko (Bad Effects on Allocation of Resources)μdkys /u ls u
osQoy ljdkj dks vk; dh gkfu gksrh gS cfYd blls vFkZO;oLFkk esa lk/uksa osQ vkc.Vu ;k forj.k
ij Hkh cqjk izHkko iM+rk gSA blosQ dkj.k eqnzk dk viO;; gksus yxrk gSA dkys /u ls foykflrk dh
oLrqvksa osQ miHkksx esa o`f¼ gksrh gS] cM+h ek=kk esa foÙkh; lk/uksa dk mi;ksx vuqRiknd dk;ks± esa gksus
yxrk gSA
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