Page 321 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—29% Hkkjr dh O;kikj uhfr % rkRdkfyd fodkl

dh x;ha ,oa oqQN laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk dh x;h_ tSlsμvUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj laLFkku] vk;kr&izfrLFkkiu lfefr] fu;kZr uksV
fujh{k.k ijke'kZnkrk lfefr ,oa [kfut rFkk /krq O;kikj fuxe] bR;kfnA bl ckr ij Hkh cy fn;k x;k fd ijEijkxr
oLrqvksa osQ lkFk gh lkFk u;h oLrqvksa osQ fu;kZrksa dks Hkh izksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(4) twu 1966 ls 1975&76 rd dh O;kikj uhfrμ1975&76 esa ljdkj us iqu%fu;kZr mRiknu esa o`f¼ djus
osQ fy, vk;krksa dks fo'ks"k :i ls vuqj{k.k vk;krksa dks mnkj cukus dh uhfr viuk;h gSA
(5) 1985&88 rFkk 1988&91 dh O;kikj uhfrμ1985&88 vof/ osQ nkSjku ykxw dh xbZ O;kikj uhfr esa
vk;kr izfrLFkkiu }kjk vk;krksa esa deh djus osQ mís'; dks izkFkfedrk nh xbZA blosQ vfrfjDr fu;kZr izksRlkgu]
fu;kZr izfØ;k dk ljyhdj.k rFkk fu;kZr oLrqvksa dh mRiknu rduhd osQ vk/qfudhdj.k dks ojh;rk nh xbZA

1988&91 dh ubZ O;kikj uhfr esa vk;krksa dks bl izdkj fu;fer djus dk mís'; viuk;k x;k ftlls vFkZO;oLFkk
dh vko';d t:jrsa iwjh gks losaQ] fodkl izksRlkfgr gks losQ vkSj fu;kZr esa o`f¼ gks losQA 1988&91 osQ nkSjku
Øec¼ <ax ls fu;kZr izksRlkfgr djus osQ mís'; ls xq.kkRed lq/kjkRed fu;kZr lEo¼Zu uhfr viukbZ xbZA fu;kZr
ykblsfUlax uhfr dks ljy cuk;k x;kA bl uhfr esa vizR;{k fu;kZrdksa dh Hkwfedk dks Lohdkj fd;k x;k vFkkZr~
fu;kZr gsrq dPps eky rFkk lk/uksa dh iwfrZ djus okyksa dks vuqekfur fu;kZrd (Deemed Exporters) dk ntkZ
fn;k x;kA
(6) vkBoha ;kstuk (1992&97) dh O;kikj uhfrμvizSy 1992 esa ,d iapo"khZ; vk;kr&fu;kZr uhfr dh
?kks"k.kk dh xbZ ftldk eq[; mís'; vk;kr&fu;kZr dh LorU=krk gSA ubZ uhfr esa ykblsal iz.kkyh dks yxHkx lekIr
dj fn;s tkus ls iwathxr lk/uksa vkSj dPps eky osQ vk;kr ij ykblsal dh NwV nh xbZA ubZ uhfr esa vkB oLrqvksa
dk vk;kr ljdkjh ,tsalh osQ ekè;e ls djus dk izko/ku fd;k x;k ftuesa isVªksfy;e] moZjd] [kk| rsy] vukt]
vkfn 'kkfey gSaA lkFk gh vusd oLrqvksa_ tSls v[kckjh dkxt] vykSg /krq,a] moZjd] fuekZ.k gsrq eè;orhZ oLrq,a
o Mhty dks lj.khÑr lwph (Canalised List) ls gVk fn;k x;kA
ubZ uhfr esa gksVy] i;ZVu m|ksx rFkk [ksy laLFkkvksa osQ fy, vk;kr dh fo'ks"k O;oLFkk dh xbZ FkhA iwathxr
eky dh fdlh Hkh oLrq dks izfrcfU/r lwph esa ugha j[kk x;kA vfxze ykblsal ;kstuk dks mnkj cuk fn;k x;k
rFkk 'kqYd&eqDr ;kstuk dk foLrkj fd;k x;kA 'kr&izfr'kr fu;kZr m|ksxksa o fu;kZr izlaLdj.k {ks=k ;kstuk dks
vf/d mnkj cuk;k x;kA izfrcfU/r fu;kZrksa dh lwph dks NksVk fd;k x;kA nl oLrqvksa dks lkj.khÑr lwph esa
j[kk x;k vFkkZr~ mudk fu;kZr ljdkjh ,tsUlh osQ ekè;e ls fd;s tkus dk izko/ku fd;k x;kA ubZ vk;kr&fu;kZr
uhfr esa fu;kZr lnuksa rFkk fu;kZr lao¼Zu ifj"knksa osQ egRo dks Lohdkj fd;k x;kA ubZ uhfr esa iwathxr lkèku]
dPpk eky] midj.kksa rFkk iqtks± ij eqDr vk;kr dh uhfr ykxw gksxh rFkk buosQ vk;kr&fu;kZr ls lHkh izfrcU/
gVk fy, x,A vusd f}rh; iwathxr lk/uksa ij ykblsal dh iwjh NwV iznku dh xbZ ftuesa xkjesaV] gksft;jh] peM+s
dk lkeku] jcj] oSQuokl ,oa twrs] bR;kfn 'kkfey gSaA

fu;kZrksa dks c<+kus osQ fy, 1954 esa ^fu;kZr lEo¼Zu ifj"kn* dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA

fu;kZr&vk;kr uhfr 1992&97 % u;s la'kks/u (EXIM Policy 1992-97 : New Changes)

ubZ uhfr ykxw gksus osQ ,d o"kZ ckn u;s vkfFkZd lq/kjksa dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq,] vk;kr&fu;kZr uhfr esa vusd
egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu fd;s x;s rFkk 1 vizSy] 1993 ls uhfr dks vf/d fu;kZrksUeq[kh cuk fn;k x;kA eq[; ifjorZu
bl izdkj Fksμ

(1) fu;kZr dks fuf"k¼ lwph esa ls 144 enksa dks gVk fn;k x;k vkSj buosQ fy, fu;kZr gsrq ykblsal dh vfuok;Zrk
dks lekIr dj fn;k x;kA

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