Page 322 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV (2) Ñf"k] i'kq ikyu] eNyh ikyu] eqxhZ ikyu] m|ku ,oa js'ke {ks=k dh bdkb;ksa dks fu;kZrksUeq[kh bdkb;ksa
,oa fu;kZr izlaLdj.k {ks=k fo'ks"k ;kstuk osQ vUrxZr fu%'kqYd vk;kr dh vuqefr nh xbZ c'krsZ fd os vius
mRiknu dk 50 izfr'kr fu;kZr djsaA 'ks"k 50% mRiknu ?kjsyw cktkj esa cspus dh vuqefr bl vk;kr&fu;kZr
uhfr esa ns nh xbZA
(3) ubZ uhfr esa iwathxr lkekuksa dh ifjHkk"kk dks bl rjg foLr`r fd;k x;k gS fd mlesa Ñf"k rFkk mlls lEc¼
{ks=k osQ iwathxr lkeku dk lekos'k gks losQ rFkk ;s bdkb;k¡ midj.kksa dks fj;k;rh nj ij vk;kr djus
gsrq ^fu;kZr izksRlkgu iwathxr lkeku* (EPCG) dk ykHk izkIr dj losaQA
(4) fj;k;rh nj ij iwathxr midj.kksa dk vk;kr djus gsrq EPCG ;kstuk dks lsok&{ks=k ij Hkh ykxw fd;k x;kA
(5) 1993&94 osQ ctV esa iz'kqYd nj esa dkiQh deh fd;s tkus ls 25% dh fj;k;rh nj ij vk;kr ;kstuk cUn
dj nh xbZ rFkk 15% dh fj;k;rh nj EPCG ;kstuk osQ vUrxZr vU; {ks=kksa dks miyC/ djokus dk izkoèkku
fd;k x;kA
(6) fu;kZr x`g] O;kikj x`g ,oa LVkj O;kikj x`g esa 'kkfey djus gsrq okLrfod fons'kh fofue; osQ vk/kj dks
lekIr djosQ HkkSfrd fu;kZr ewY; dks vk/kj cuk;k x;kA
(7) fu;kZrksUeq[kh bdkb;ksa rFkk fu;kZr izlaLdj.k {ks=k bdkb;ksa osQ ewY; fu/kZj.k osQ vk/kj dks la'kksf/r dj blesa
ls ?kjsyw vkxrksa osQ ewY; dks vyx dj fn;k x;kA

(8) jkT;ksa dks vkS|ksfxd ikdks± dh LFkkiuk esa lgk;rk djus gsrq osQUnz }kjk izk;ksftr ;kstuk cukus dh ?kks"k.kk
dh xbZA
mijksDr la'kks/uksa ls vkBoha ;kstuk dh vk;kr&fu;kZr uhfr dks vf/d fu;kZrksUeq[kh cuk;k x;kA bl uhfr esa Ñf"k
,oa lEcfU/r {ks=kksa dks vf/d egRo fn;k x;kA m|ksx ,oa O;kikj {ks=k esa bu la'kks/uksa dk Lokxr fd;k x;kA

twu 1966 esa Hkkjrh; #i;s dk voewY;u fd;k x;k ftlls fons'kh O;kikj uhfr esa ,d u;h fn'kk dk
lw=kikr gqvkA voewY;u osQ lkFk gh ljdkj us ns'k osQ 59 m|ksxksa osQ fy, vk;kr uhfr dks mnkj cuk
fn;kA

vk;kr&fu;kZr uhfr dk iqu% mnkjhdj.k (Re-Liberalisation of Import-Export Policy)

30 ekpZ] 1994 dks vkBoha ;kstuk (1992&97) dh vk;kr&fu;kZr uhfr dks vkSj vf/d mnkj cukus dh ?kks"k.kk
dh xbZ ftls rRdky izHkko ls ykxw fd;k x;kA bl uhfr esa fu;kZrksa dks c<+kok nsus osQ mís'; ls fu;kZrdksa dh ,d
ubZ Js.kh ^lqij LVkj Vªs¯Mx gkml* dh jpuk dh xbZA lqij LVkj Vªs¯Mx gkml dh ekU;rk mUgha fu;kZr x`gksa dks
nsus dk izko/ku fd;k x;k ftudk foxr rhu o"kks± esa vkSlr fu;kZr 750 djksM+ #i;s dk jgk gks vFkok foxr o"kZ
esa fu;kZr ,d gtkj djksM+ #i;s dk jgk gksA
ewY; vk/kfjr vfxze ykblsal ;kstuk (Value Based Advance Licensing Scheme—VABAL) ftls nq#i;ksx
osQ dkj.k cUn dj fn;k x;k Fkk] dks fujh{k.k osQ lkFk bl la'kks/u esa tkjh j[kus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA
fu;kZr lao¼Zu iwathxr lkeku (EPCG) ;kstuk dks ljy cukdj blosQ vUrxZr fu;kZr nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus osQ
mís'; ls r`rh; i{k fu;kZr dh vuqefr iznku dh xbZA blh ;kstuk osQ rgr ykblsal iznku djus dh O;oLFkk dk
foosQUnzhdj.k fd;k x;kA vHkh rd ;s ykblsal fons'kh O;kikj osQ egkfuns'kd }kjk tkjh fd;s tkrs FksA bl la'kksèku
esa 25 yk[k #i;s rd osQ vk;kr ykblsal {ks=kh; dk;kZy; }kjk tkjh djus dk izko/ku fd;k x;kA
u;s la'kks/uksa osQ vuqlkj vk;krksa dh Í.kkRed lwph esa vkSj dVkSrh dh xbZ rFkk bysDVªkWfud m|ksx osQ fofuekZ.k
esa iz;ksx dh tkus okyh oqQN oLrqvksa dks blesa ls gVk fn;k x;kA fo'ks"k vk;kr ykblsal osQ vUrxZr vk;kr dh

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