Page 101 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZμ6: vifdj.k% vFkZ ,oa fo'ks"krk,¡] vifdj.k osQ lkis{k ,oa fujis{k eki] jsat] prqFkZd fopyu ,oa 'kred foLrkj

nkSjku fu£er fofHkUu bdkb;ksa esa oqQN vUrj gks ldrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa foLrkj }kjk mPpre o uksV
fuEure lhek,¡ Kkr djosQ ;g irk yxk fy;k tkrk gS fd fdruh bdkb;k¡ mu lhekvksa osQ vUnj
;k ckgj gSaaA
• foLrkj dk iz;ksx eqnzk&njksa] fofue;&njksa] LdUèk] va'k o izfrHkwfr;ksa] lksus] pk¡nh osQ ewY;ksa esa gksus
okys ifjorZuksa dk vè;;u djus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
• foLrkj dh lgk;rk ls vf/dre o U;wure rkieku osQ chp gksus okys fopj.k dk irk yxk;k tkrk
gSA
• vUrj&prqFkZd foLrkj] dk gh lq/jk o mUur :i gksrk gSA ;g lead Js.kh osQ r`rh;&prqFkZd o
izFke&prqFkZd osQ vUrj dh eki gksrk gSA ;g eki foLrkj ls T;knk Js"B gksrk gS D;ksafd izFke o
r`rh; prqFkZd osQ chp Js.kh osQ 50 izfr'kr in&ewY; 'kkfey gks tkrs gSaA
• vifdj.k Kkr djus osQ fy, 'kred foLrkj dk Hkh iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g eki 'kred
foHkktu ewY;ksa ij vk/kfjr gSA blesa 90 rFkk 10 Øela[;k osQ 'kred foHkktuksa (90 Percentile
th
th
and 10 Percentile) dk vUrj 'kred foLrkj (10–90 Percentile Range) dgykrk gSA bls fuEu
fof/ }kjk ifjdfyr djrs gSaA
• 'kred foLrkj dks n'ked foLrkj (Decile Range) Hkh dgrs gSa D;ksafd P = D ,oa P = D gksrk
10 1 90 9
gSA pwafd izfr'kr ewY;ksa dks le>uk vf/d ljy gS blfy, O;ogkj esa 'kred foLrkj dk gh T;knk
iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
• 'kred foLrkj esa ogh xq.k&nks"k gksrs gSa tks foLrkj o vUrj&prqFkZd foLrkj esa ik;s tkrs gSaA f'k{kk
o euksfoKku osQ {ks=k esa ;g jhfr mi;ksxh gSA

• prqFkZd fopyu Hkh Js.kh osQ prqFkZd ewY;ksa ij vk/kfjr vifdj.k dh ,d eki gSA r`rh; prqFkZd
,oa izFke prqFkZd osQ vUrj osQ vk/s dks prqFkZd fopyu (Quartile Deviation) ;k v¼Z vUrj&prqFkZd
foLrkj (Semi Inter Quartile Range) dgrs gSaA

• prqFkZd fopyu vifdj.k dh fujis{k eki gSA fofHkUu Jsf.k;ksa osQ prqFkZd fopyu dh rqyuk djus
osQ fy, bldk lkis{k eki fudkyk tkrk gSA ;g lkis{k eki] prqFkZd fopyu xq.kkad dgykrk gSA
bls Kkr djus osQ fy, prqFkZd fopyu osQ fujis{k eki dks nksuksa prqFkZdksa osQ ekè; ls Hkkx ns fn;k
tkrk gSA

6-7 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• xqfPNrμ,d izdkj osQ vk¡dM+ksa dk lewgA

• 'kred (Percentile)μcks/] izR;{k oLrqA

6-8 vH;kl iz'u (Review Questions)

1- vifdj.k dks le>kb,A vifdj.k ekius dh dkSu&dkSu lh fof/;k¡ gSa \
2- vifdj.k osQ ekiksa osQ :i esa iz;qDr foLrkj osQ xq.k ,oa lhek,¡ crkb,A

3- foLrkj rFkk vUrj&prqFkZd foLrkj esa varj Li"V dhft,A
4- 'kred prqFkZd foLrkj ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
5- prqFkZd fopyu rFkk prqFkZd fopyu xq.kkad dh x.kuk fof/ le>kb, rFkk buosQ xq.k ,oa nks"k
crkb,A

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