Page 137 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% lglacaèk% ifjHkk"kk] izdkj ,oa vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dh iz;qDr fof/;k¡

Y uksV

40
37 Age of husbands
Age of wives
34
years 31

3 28
= 25
cm (yes)
I 22
Scale Age 19

16
13
10
0 X
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pairs

fp=kμlglEcU/ js[kkfp=k (Correlation Graph)

mDr lglEcU/ js[kkfp=k dks ns[kus ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd ifr ,oa ifRu;ksa dh vk;q oØksa esa mrkj p<+ko ,d
gh fn'kk esa gS vr% buesa /ukRed lglEcU/ dk gksuk Li"V gksrk gSA

lglEcU/ js[kkfp=k ls Hkh lglEcU/ dh osQoy izo`fr dk vkHkkl gksrk gS] bldh la[;kRed eki lEHko ugha
gS] vr% lglEcU/ dh izo`fr ,oa bldh la[;kRed eki osQ fy, lglEcU/ Kkr djus dh xf.krh; fof/;ksa
dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
dkyZ fi;lZu dk lglEcU/ xq.kkad (Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation)

lglEcU/ dh la[;kRed eki dh bl jhfr dk izfriknu dkyZ fi;lZu us fd;k FkkA dkyZ fi;lZu osQ lglEcU/
xq.kkad ls lglEcU/ dh fn'kk rFkk bldh ek=kk dk Kku ljyrk ls gks tkrk gS] ;g xq.kkad gj le; ± 1 dh
lhek esa jgrk gSA $ 1 iw.kZ /ukRed ,oa – 1 iw.kZ Í.kkRed lglEcU/ dks O;Dr djrs gSa] xq.kkad osQ 'kwU; gksus
ij lglEcU/ dk vHkko gksrk gS ,oa ;g xq.kkad tSls&tSls 1 dh vksj c<+rk tkrk gS] lglEcU/ dh ek=kk Hkh
c<+rh tkrh gSA dkyZ fi;lZu osQ lglEcU/ xq.kkad dh x.kuk lg&fopj.k dh eki }kjk Kkr dh tkrh gSA
lgfopj.k (Covariance) Kkr djus osQ fy, izR;sd lead Js.kh osQ vadxf.krh; ekè; osQ fopyu Kkr dj mu
fopyuksa osQ xq.kuiQy osQ ;ksx esa bdkbZ;ksa dh la[;k dk Hkkx fd;k tkrk gSA lw=kkuqlkjμ
Σdxdy
Co-variance =
N

lgfopj.k dk xq.kkad gh lglEcU/ xq.kkad (Coefficient of Correlation) dgykrk gSA dkyZ fi;lZu osQ
lglEcU/ xq.kkad dks r laosQrk{kj }kjk O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA
dkyZ fi;lZu osQ lglEcU/ xq.kkad dh x.kukμdkyZ fi;lZu osQ lglEcU/ xq.kkad dh x.kuk fuEu lw=k osQ
iz;ksx }kjk dh tkrh gS] bls lglEcU/ xq.kkad dk ewy lw=k Hkh dgk tkrk gSμ

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 131