Page 238 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV 2. tgk¡ nks ;k vf/d pjksa ds eè; dkj.k ifj.kke laca/ ik;k tkrk gS ogk¡ ij iz;ksx fd;k
tkrk gS&
(?k) izrhixeu fo'ys"k.k ([k) lglaca/ xq.kkad
(x) lglaca/ fo'ys"k.k (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

3. izrhixeu fo'ys"k.k vo/kj.kk dk iz;ksx loZizFke fdlus fd;k Fkk&
(d) lj izaQkfll xkYVu ([k) izks- MsouiksoZ
(x) MkW ckWfMaxVu (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

4. tc nks {ksf.k;ksa esa iw.kZ lglaca/ gksrk gS rks muds eè; izrhixeu js[kk gksrh gS&
(d) ,d ([k) nks
(x) rhu (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
5. nks izrhixeu xq.kkadks dk xq.kksÙkj eè; gksrk gS&

(d) izrhixeu xq.kkad ([k) lglaca/ xq.kkad
(x) izrhixeu fo'ys"k.k (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

14-8 lkjka'k (Summary)

• lglEcU/ (Correlation) dk fl¼kUr osQoy ;g Li"V djrk gS fd nks ijLij lEc¼ Jsf.k;ksa esa fdruk

vkSj fdl izdkj (fn'kk) dk lEcU/ gSA ijUrq ;fn ,d LorU=k Js.kh osQ fdlh fuf'pr (;k Kkr) ewY;
osQ vk/kj ij nwljh vkfJr Js.kh osQ rRlaoknh ewY; dk loksZi;qDr vuqeku yxkuk gks rks mlosQ fy,
lglEcU/ osQ ctk, izrhixeu fo'ys"k.k dk lgkjk ysuk iM+rk gSA
• lglEcU/ fo'ys"k.k dk iz;ksx mu leLr {ks=kksa (vkfFkZd] lkekftd] O;kolkf;d] vkfn) esa fd;k tkrk

gS tgka nks ;k vf/d pjksa osQ eè; dkj.k&ifj.kke lEcU/ ik;k tkrk gS ijUrq vFkZ'kkL=k esa bl rduhd
dk fo'ks"k egÙo gSA
• izrhixeu fo'ys"k.k lkaf[;dh; fl¼kUr dh ,d egRoiw.kZ 'kk[kk gS ftldk vuqiz;ksx yxHkx lHkh
izkÑfrd] HkkSfrd rFkk lkekftd foKkuksa esa fd;k tkrk gSA ;g rduhd vc osQoy iSÙk`d fo'ks"krkvksa

rd gh lhfer ugha gS cfYd bldk iz;ksx mu lHkh {ks=kksa eas fd;k tkus yxk gS tgk¡ nks ;k vf/d ijLij
lEc¼ Jsf.k;ksa eas fofHkUu in&ewY;ksa dh lkekU; ekè; dh vksj okfil ykSVus dh izo`fÙk ik;h tkrh gSA
• lglEcU/ xq.kkad X rFkk Y pjksa osQ chp js[kh; lEcU/ (linear relationship) dh eki gS tcfd
izrhixeu xq.kkad ,sls xf.krh; eki gSa tks pjksa osQ chp vkSlr lEcU/ (average relationship) dks
O;Dr djrs gSaA

• lglEcU/ dk vuqiz;ksx lhfer gS D;ksafd ;g nks pjksa osQ chp osQoy js[kh; lEcU/ dk vè;;u gSA
blosQ foijhr izrhixeu dk vuqiz;ksx O;kid gS D;ksafd ;g nks pjkadksa osQ chp xSj&js[kh; (non-linear)
lEcU/ dk Hkh vè;;u djrk gSA
• tc nks Jsf.k;ksa esa iw.kZ lglEcU/ gksrk gS rks muosQ eè; ,d gh izrhixeu js[kk gksrh gSA dkj.k Li"V

gS D;ksafd ml voLFkk esa x vkSj y osQ ewY;ksa dks izkafdr djus ls lHkh fcUnq ,d gh js[kk osQ :i esa
gksrs gSaA

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