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Educational Technology

Notes 8. Programmed material fully verified and liable.

9. Specification of student’s entering behaviour and feelings are done in it. In these behaviour, level

of language understanding and simplification, level of achievement, feedback and mental level are

taken into account.
10. Stimulus, Responses and Reinforcement – these element remain active in it.
11. It has comparatively low error rate and fault rate.
12. As feedback is provided immediately, so true responses are enforced to students which helps in
effective teaching. Every response of student provides him a new knowledge.
13. While learning instructional material, students have more readiness and curiosity due to which they
understand very rapidly.
14. Instruction material is evaluated through the responses of students and it is improved and modifi ed
according to that.
15. Programmed Instruction also organizes that aiding instruction to removing the weakness and

difficulties of students.
16. Programmed Instruction system is based on the principles Psychological learning.

Principles of Programmed Learning

It is clear from above discussion that programmed instruction is based on following principles—
1. Principle of Behaviour - analysis
2. Principle of Small fractions
3. Principle of active participation,
4. Principle of immediate feedback
5. Principle of Self pacing
6. Principle of legality of the content
7. Principle of knowledge and progress of students tested
8. Principle of student responses.

25.3 Teaching, Instruction and Programmed Instruction

Teaching

Instruction

Programmed
Instruction

Fig.—Teaching, Instruction and Programmed Instruction
As cleared from the above fig., programmed instruction is a method in instruction by which objectives

of mastery are attained. Instruction is a method in teaching by which attainment of teaching goals is
possible.

206 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY

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Educational Technology 206
Educational Technology 206 29/07/13 10:22 PM