Page 10 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% 'kSf{kd rduhdh dk vFkZ rFkk Lo:i

1-3 'kSf{kd rduhdh dh ifjHkk"kk,¡ rFkk izÑfr uksV
(Definitions and Nature of Educational Technology)

1-3-1- ,dkaxh ifjHkk"kk,¡
'kSf{kd rduhdh dh fofHkUu fo}kuksa us fofHkUu izdkj ls ifjHkk"kk;sa nh gSaA oqQN egÙoiw.kZ ifjHkk"kk,¡ uhps mn~èk`r
dh tk jgh gSaA ;s ifjHkk"kk,¡ 'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ vFkZ ,oa Lo:i dks le>us esa lgk;rk iznku djrh gSaµ
(1) tSdksVk Cywej (Jacquetta Bloomer, 1973)—¶'kSf{kd rduhdh dks O;kogkfjd vfèkxe dh
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa oSKkfud ,oa rduhdh Kku dk fofu;ksx dgk tkrk gSA¸
“Educational Technology is the application of scientific knowledge about learn-
ing to practical learning situations.”
(2) fjpe.M (Richmand, 1970)—¶'kSf{kd rduhdh lh[kus dh mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh leqfpr O;oLFkk
osQ izLrqr djus ls lEcfUèkr gS tks f'k{k.k ,oa ijh{k.k osQ y{;ksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj vuqns'ku dks lh[kus
dk mÙke lkèku cukrh gSA¸
“Educational Technology is concerned to provide appropriately designing learning
situations, holding in view the objectives of the teaching or training, bring or
bear the best means of intruction.”

(3) jkWcVZ ,- dkWDl (Robert A. Cox, 1970)—¶ekuo dh lh[kus dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa oSKkfud izfØ;k
osQ iz;ksx dks 'kSf{kd rduhdh dgk tkrk gSA¸
“Application of scientific process to man’s learning conditions called Educational
Technology.”

(4) Mhlhdks (Dececco)—¶lh[kus osQ euksfoKku dk O;kogkfjd 'kSf{kd leL;kvksa ij xgu fofu;ksx
'kSf{kd rduhdh gSA¸
“It is in the form of detailed application of the Psychology of learning to practical
teaching problems.”

(5) jkWcVZ ,e- xsus (Robert M. Gagne)—¶'kSf{kd rduhdh ls rkRi;Z gS fd O;kogkfjd Kku dh
lgk;rk ls lqfu;ksftr izfofèk;ksa dk fodkl djuk] ftlls fo|ky;ksa dh 'kSf{kd iz.kkyh osQ ijh{k.k rFkk
f'k{kk&dk;Z dh O;oLFkk dh tk losQA¸
“Educational Technology can be understood as a mean for the development of a
set of systematic techniques and accompanying practical knowledge for designing
testing and operating schools as educational systems.”

(6) ,l- ,l- oqQyd.khZ (S. S. Kulkarni, 1966)—¶rduhdh rFkk foKku osQ vkfo"dkjksa rFkk fu;eksa
dk f'k{kk dh izfØ;k esa iz;ksx dks gh 'kSf{kd rduhdh dgk tkrk gSA¸
“Educational Technology may be defined as the application of the laws as well
as recent discoveries of science and technology to the process of education.”

mi;qZDr lHkh ifjHkk"kkvksa dh foospuk djus ij Li"V gksrk gS fd ;s lHkh ifjHkk"kk;sa ,dkaxh gSaA dksbZ ifjHkk"kk
'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ fdlh igyw ij izdk'k Mkyrh gS vkSj dksbZ ifjHkk"kk fdlh nwljs igyw dks mtkxj djrh gSA
vr% bu ifjHkk"kkvksa esa O;kidrk (Comprehensiveness) osQ xq.k dk vHkko gSA

1-3-2 'kSf{kd rduhdh dh xzká ifjHkk"kk,¡

bl Js.kh esa yhFk] lkdkekVks rFkk f'ko osQ- fe=kk dh ifjHkk"kk,¡ oxhZÑr dh tk ldrh gSaµ

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