Page 9 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

'kSf{kd rduhdh

uksV 1-1 f'k{kk D;k gS\ (What is Education?)

f'k{kk dh mRifÙk ^f'k{k~* èkkrq ls gqbZ gSA bldk vFkZ gSµfo|k izkIr djukA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] KkuktZu ;k
fo|k&izkfIr osQ ekè;e ls laLdkjksa ,oa O;ogkjksa dk fuekZ.k djuk gh f'k{kk dgykrk gSA f'k{kk] ySfVu Hkk"kk osQ
'kCn ^,MwosQVe* (Educatum) dk i;kZ; gS] ftldk vaxzsth esa Education i;kZ; 'kCn gSA bldk vFkZ
gSµ^f'k{k.k dh dyk*A Universal Dictionary of English Language osQ vuqlkj] f'k{kk ls rkRi;Z
gSµ(1) f'kf{kr djuk] izf'k{k.k nsuk] (2) efLr"d rFkk pfj=k dk fodkl djuk] rFkk (3) fdlh
fo'ks"k jkT; dh f'k{kk&O;oLFkkA ;s lHkh 'kCn f'k{kk osQ fofHkUu vfHkizk;ksa rFkk 'kS{kf.kd fØ;k&izfØ;kvksa dh
vksj laosQr djrs gSaA f'k{kk ckyd dks u;s&u;s vuqHko iznku dj mls bl ;ksX; cukrh gS fd og vius
okrkoj.k esa lek;ksftr gksdj viuh 'kfDr;ksa rFkk fufgr ;ksX;rkvksa dk iw.kZ fodkl dj] ;ksX;rkuqlkj
vius ifjokj] lekt rFkk jk"Vª dks fdlh fof'k"V {ks=k esa ;ksxnku dj losQA
f'k{kk ls rkRi;Z ckyd osQ O;ogkj esa okafNr ifjorZu ykuk gSA f'k{kk ls ckyd dh ewyizo`fÙk;k¡ ifjek£tr gksrh
gSaA ewyizo`fÙk;ksa osQ ifjektZu esa euksfoKku] rduhdh rFkk foKku viuk izHkkoiw.kZ ;ksxnku f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa iznku
djrk gSA vr% f'k{kk Lo;a esa ,d vkRefuHkZj (Independent) izR;; ugha gS oju~ ;g rduhdh foKku ls
lEcfUèkr gSA

uksV~l rduhdh foKku ckydksa osQ O;ogkj osQ vè;;u esa f'k{kk dh enn djrk gS vkSj lkFk gh muesa ifjektZu
rFkk la'kksèku osQ fy;s fn'kk&funsZ'k iznku djrk gSA

1-2 rduhdh D;k gS\ (What is Technology?)

rduhdh ;k rduhdh foKku vaxzsth osQ Technology 'kCn dk i;kZ; gS ^rduhdh* dk vFkZ gSµnSfud thou
esa oSKkfud Kku dk iz;ksx djus dh fofèk;k¡A izks- xkycszFk (Golbraith) osQ vuqlkj] rduhdh (Tech-

nology) dh nks izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaµ
(1) Systematic application of scientific or other organized knowledge to practical tasks.
(2) Forming the division and sub-division of any such task into its component parts.
tSdksVk Cywej (Jacquetta Bloomer) us lu~ 1973 esa rduhdh dh ifjHkk"kk fuEu izdkj nhµ“Technology
is the application of scientific theory to practical ends”.

vr% ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd oSKkfud O;oLFkkvksa rFkk izfofèk;ksa dk iz;ksxkRed :i gh rduhdh ;k
rduhdh foKku gSA
^rduhdh* 'kCn dks vfèkdrj ^e'khu* ;k ^e'khu lEcUèkh izR;;ksa ls lkèkkj.kr% yksx tksM+rs gSaA ysfdu ;g
vko';d ugha gS fd ^rduhdh* esa e'khu ;k e'khujh dk iz;ksx fd;k gh tk;A bldk rkRi;Z rks fdlh Hkh
iz;ksxkRed dk;Z ls gS] ftlesa oSKkfud Kku ;k fl¼kUrksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tk;A ;g xzhd 'kCn
‘Technikos’ ls fudyk gS] ftldk vFkZ gSµdykA bldk i;kZ; ySfVu Hkk"kk dk 'kCn ‘Texere’ gS] ftldk
vfHkizk; cquus rFkk fuekZ.k djus (Weave or construct) ls gksrk gSA MkW- nkl osQ vuqlkj] “Any system
of interrelated parts which are organized in a scientific manner as to attain some
desired objective could be called technology.”

2 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY