Page 136 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

bdkbZ—11% lw{e&f'k{k.k

(13) ;g fof/ 'kks/ dh d{kk esa mRiUu gqbZ] mlh esa iyh vkSj f'k{kdksa dks Hkfo"; esa 'kks/kFkZ izsfjr djrh uksV
gS ftlls f'k{kd Lo;a dks vf/d ;ksX; cukus dk iz;Ru djrk gS vkSj fujUrj vè;;u esa viuk le;
O;rhr djrk gSA
vUr esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd lw{e vè;;u] f'k{kd izf'k{k.k egkfo|ky;ksa esa Nk=kkè;kidksa dks izf'k{k.k
iznku djus osQ fy, ;g lcy lk/u gS ftldk iz;ksx vPNs f'k{kd rS;kj djus osQ fy, fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
izf'k{k.k egkfo|ky;ksa esa dk;Zjr f'k{kdksa dks lw{e&f'k{k.k osQ fo"k; esa lgh Kku rFkk blosQ okLrfod iz;ksx gsrq
mfpr izf'k{k.k dh O;k[;k djuh gksxh] rHkh ;g fof/ vf/d mikns; fl¼ gks losQxhA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- cgqfodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions)%
(i) f'k{k.k&dkS'ky fdls iznku fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) Nk=kkè;kidksa dks (b) osQoy Nk=kksa dks

(c) osQoy vè;kidksa dks (d) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
(ii) lw{e&f'k{k.k ls f'k{k.k&izfØ;k oSQlh gksrh gS\
(a) eqf'dy (b) ljy
(c) leku (d) mijksDr lHkhA
(iii) O;kolkf;d ifjiDork fdlls fodflr gksrh gS\

(a) izf'k{k.k ls (b) f'k{k.k ls
(c) lw{e&f'k{k.k ls (d) mijksDr lHkhA

11-12 lkjka'k (Summary)

• lw{e&f'k{k.k izf'k{k.k osQ {ks=k esa ,d uohu fu;fU=kr vH;kl dh izfØ;k gSA bldk fodkl LVsuiQksMZ

;wfuoflZVh esa fd;k x;kA lu~ 1961 esa ,phlu] cq'k rFkk ,yu us loZizFke fu;fU=kr :i esa
^laoqQfpr&vè;;u&vH;kl Øe* izkjEHk fd;s] ftuosQ vUrxZr izR;sd Nk=kkè;kid 5 ls 10 Nk=kksa dks
,d NksVk&lk ikB i<+krk Fkk vkSj vU; Nk=kkè;kid fofHkUu izdkj dh Hkwfedk fuokZg (Rule Play)

djrs FksA
• Hkkjro"kZ esa lu~ 1974 esa lw{e&f'k{k.k osQ {ks=k esa loZizFke izdk'ku iklh rFkk 'kkg us fd;kA blesa izFke

ckj lw{e&f'k{k.k osQ fo"k; esa oSKkfud tkudkjh iznku dh x;hA
• lw{e&f'k{k.k] f'k{kd&izf'k{k.k dh ,d iz;ksx'kkyh; ,oa oS'ysf"kd fof/ gS] ftlosQ ekè;e ls

Nk=kkè;kidksa esa ^f'k{k.k&dkS'ky* fodflr fd;s tkrs gSaA
• lw{e f'k{k.k ,d izf'k{k.k fof/ gS ftlesa Nk=kkè;kid fdlh ,d f'k{k.k dkS'ky dk iz;ksx djrs gq,

FkksM+h vof/ osQ fy;s] NksVs Nk=k lewg dks dksbZ ,d lEizR;; i<+krk gSA
• lw{e&f'k{k.k izfØ;k esa loZizFke Nk=kkè;kidksa osQ fdlh f'k{k.k dkS'ky osQ fo"k; esa Hkyh&Hkk¡fr crk;k

tkrk gS fiQj izn'kZu }kjk mls Li"V fd;k tkrk gSA
• Hkkjro"kZ esa fo'ks"k :i ls NCERT rFkk CASE ,oa bUnkSj fo'ofo|ky; esa fd;s x;s iz;klksa osQ

iQyLo:i lw{e&f'k{k.k dk Hkkjrh; izfreku fodflr fd;k x;kA
• lw{e&f'k{k.k ;|fi izf'k{k.k&fof/ osQ :i esa vius vUnj vusd vPNs fcUnqvksa dks lesVs gq, gSaA
• lw{e&f'k{k.k fof/ esa f'k{k.k izfØ;k ls fofHkUu i{kksa dk è;ku j[kdj mudk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl

fof/ esa fl¼kUr vkSj O;ogkj esa ,dhdj.k gksrk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 129