Page 86 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

bdkbZ—7% Nk=k&osQfUnzr vkO;wg

oSQyj ;kstuk esa lq/kjµf'k{k.k dh leL;kvksa rFkk Nk=kksa dh dfBukb;ksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, lq/kj fd;k x;k uksV
gSA lq/kj esa fuEukafdr fcUnqvksa dks è;ku esa j[kk x;k gSµ
1- Nk=kksa dh vko';drkvksa dks izkFkfedrk nh xbZA
2- d{kk&f'k{k.k osQ vkjaHk esa ikB~;oLrq lEcU/h iwoZ&vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ gsrq iwoZ&ijh{kk nh tk,A

3- Nk=kksa osQ ijh{k.k dh O;oLFkk Nk=kksa dh rS;kjh osQ ckn gh dh tk,A
4- vuqoxZ&f'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk funkukRed ijh{k.k osQ vuq:i dh tk,A
5- izfrHkk'kkyh ckydksa dks vfHkØfer vuqns'ku lkexzh u nh tk,A
6- ijh{k.k osQ ckn f'k{kd dks Nk=kksa osQ lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k tk,A
7- vè;;u esa fujUrjrk osQ fy, ijh{k.k dks fu;fer :i ls iz;qDr fd;k tk,A

7-2 vfHkØfer vuqns'ku (Programmed Instruction)

vfHkØfer vuqns'ku osQ vusd :i gSaA fLduj dk vfHkØfer vuqns'ku izHkqRooknh fof/ ekuh tkrh gS_ D;ksafd
bl fof/ esa Nk=kksa dh vuqfØ;kvksa dk fu;U=k.k vfHkØed }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA Nk=k dks vuqfØ;kvksa osQ fy,
Lora=krk ugha nh tkrh gSA bldk iz;ksx Lor% vè;;u osQ fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA blesa O;fDrxr fHkUurk dk iw.kZ:i
ls è;ku j[kk tkrk gSA
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dk Lo:iµvfHkØfer vuqns'ku osQ Lo:i dks bl izdkj le>k tk ldrk gSµ

1- Nk=k dks ikB~;&oLrqvksa dks NksVs&NksVs inksa esa i<+uk gksrk gSA
2- i<+us osQ lkFk izR;sd in dh vuqfØ;k fy[kuh iM+rh gSA vuqfØ;k ls og u;k Kku lh[krk gSA
3- Nk=k dks i<+us osQ lkFk&lkFk vuqfØ;k dh 'kq¼rk dh tk¡p djuh gksrh gSA lgh ikus ij mls iqucZyu
feyrk gSA
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku osQ vf/fu;eµfLduj us vfHkØfer vuqns'ku fof/ osQ ik¡p ekSfyd vf/fu;e fn;s gSa]
ftudk izfriknu euksfoKku dh iz;ksx'kkyk osQ 'kks/ dk;ks± osQ fu"d"kks± osQ vk/kj ij fd;k x;k gSµ
1- NksVs inksa dk vf/fu;e (Small steps),
2- rRij vuqfØ;k dk vf/fu;e (Active Responding),

3- rRdkyhu iqf"V dk vf/fu;e (Immediate Confirmation),
4- Lor% vè;;u dk vf/fu;e (Self-pacing) rFkk
5- Nk=k vè;;u vkys[k vf/fu;e (Student Testing)A
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dk mi;ksxµvfHkØfer vf/xe dk iz;ksx izeq[k :i ls KkukRed i{k osQ fodkl osQ
fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA bl fof/ }kjk izkFkfed rF;ksa] fu;eksa rFkk vf/fu;eksa dk cks/ liQyrkiwoZd fd;k tkrk
gSA blosQ }kjk HkkokRed i{k dk fodkl ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g vuqns'ku fof/ iw.kZ :i ls O;fDrxr
(Individualized) gksrh gSA Nk=kksa dh O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ osQ fy, volj fn;s tkrs gSaA
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dh lhek,¡µbldh izeq[k lhek,¡ bl izdkj gSaµ
1- vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dk mi;ksx lHkh fo"k;ksa osQ fy, ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS_ tSlsµbfrgkl f'k{k.k osQ
fy;s bls iz;qDr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- bldh jpuk djuk dfBu gSA blosQ fy, izf'k{k.k rFkk vuqHko dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
3- bldk iz;ksx KkukRed i{k osQ fuEu Lrj osQ mís';ksa osQ fy;s fd;k tk ldrk gSA HkkokRed rFkk
fØ;kRed mís';ksa dh izkfIr osQ fy;s bldk iz;ksx ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
4- blosQ }kjk i<+us esa Nk=kksa dks lnSo vuqfØ;kvksa dks fy[kus rFkk mudh 'kq¼rk dh tk¡p djuh iM+rh gSA

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