Page 266 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—26% nwjLFk f'k{kk

ihVlZ (Peters) nwjxkeh f'k{kk dh ifjHkk"kk nsrs gq, fy[krs gSa fd] ¶nwjxkeh f'k{kk ,d ,slh f'k{k.k iz.kkyh gS ftldh uksV
lgk;rk ls Kku] dkS'ky vkSj O;ogkj esa ifjorZu ykus dk iz;kl fd;k tkrk gSA bl f'k{k.k iz.kkyh esa mPpdksfV
dh f'k{k.k lkexzh rduhdh lapkj lk/uksa }kjk ig¡pkbZ tkrh gSA¸
Mksgeu (Dohmen) osQ vuqlkj] ¶nwjxkeh f'k{kk] Lo%vè;;u (Self-Study), dh og lqfu;ksftr f'k{kk iz.kkyh gS
ftlesa fo|kFkhZ dks ijke'kZ] lh[kus dh lkexzh] fujh{k.k vkfn dk mÙkjnkf;Ro vè;kidksa osQ ,d lewg ij gksrk gSA
bl mÙkjnkf;Ro dks fuHkkus dk iz;kl nwj lapkj ekè;e dh lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gSA¸ bl ifjHkk"kk esa Mksgeu
us nwjxkeh f'k{kk osQ fy, vè;;u vkSj lapkj ekè;e dks egRoiw.kZ ekuk gSA
nwjxkeh f'k{kk ls feyrs&tqyrs vU; 'kCn (Other Similar Terms of Distance Education)

nwjxkeh f'k{kk dks fofHkUu ukeksa ls iqdkjk tkrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] Úkal esa bls ‘Enseignement’, vkLVªsfy;k
esa ‘Off-Campus’, teZuh esa ‘Frenstudium’, U;wthyS.M esa ‘Extra Mural’ vkfn ukeksa ls tkuk tkrk gSA Hkkjr
esa ge bls External, Correspondence Education rFkk Distance Education osQ fofHkUu ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gaSA
oqQN f'k{kk'kkL=kh ;g dgrs gSa fd External Education dks ge nwjxkeh f'k{kk (Distance Education) dh laKk
ugha ns ldrs] D;ksafd External Education esa fo'ofo|ky; fo|kFkhZ dh f'k{kk esa fdlh izdkj dh lgk;rk ugha
djrkA fo|kFkhZ Lo;a i<+dj ijh{kk esa cSBrk gSA ^i=kkpkj f'k{kk* (Correspondence Education) dk uke cnydj
nwjxkeh f'k{kk j[k fn;k gSA blfy, ge dg ldrs gSa fd Hkkjr esa nksuksa gh uke i=kkpkj f'k{kk (Correspondence
Education) vkSj nwjxkeh f'k{kk (Distance Education) izpfyr gSA
lqnwj f'k{kk dh vko';drk (Need of Distance Education)

lqnwj f'k{kk dh vko';drk gekjs ns'k esa fuEu izdkj gSμ
1- jk"Vª dh izxfrμns'k dh tu'kfDr dks vk/qfudre Kku rFkk dkS'ky osQ lEioZQ esa j[kdj gh mldk
lnqi;ksx jk"Vªfgr esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA vkt tula[;k osQ c<+rs ncko osQ dkj.k lEiw.kZ tula[;k dks
f'kf{kr ugha fd;k tk ldrk] ijUrq lqnwj f'k{kk osQ }kjk 'ks"k O;fDr;ksa dks f'k{kk osQ vukSipkfjd ekè;eksa
ls f'kf{kr dj jk"Vªh; izxfr osQ fy;s rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA
2- Kku dks v|ru djukμKku dk fodkl] foKku rFkk izkS|ksfxdh osQ dkj.k cgqr rsth ls gks jgk gSA izR;sd
f'kf{kr O;fDr Kku osQ bl fodkl dh rqyuk esa vius dks viw.kZ ikrk gSA vius viw.kZrk dks iwjk djus
osQ fy;s mls lqnwj f'k{kk dk lgkjk ysuk vko';d gSA blhfy;s futh vè;;u O;fDrxr ijh{kkFkhZ rFkk
i=kkpkj ikB~;Øe dh izfØ;k vkjEHk gqbZA
3- yphykiuμlqnwj f'k{kk iz.kkyh osQ ekè;e ls] vkSipkfjd iz.kkyh osQ foijhr cgqr de 'krks± dk ikyu
djuk iM+rk gSA mPpf'k{kk esa DokyhiQkbM Kku dh lhek dks lekIr dj fn;k x;k gS vr% lqnwj f'k{kk
osQ ekè;e ls mPp f'k{kk esa izxfr vkus yxh gSA
4- i=kkpkj ikB~;Øe esa lq/kjμlqnwj f'k{kk osQ i=kkpkj ikB~;Øe esa lq/kj fd;s x;s gSaA ;s bl izdkj gSaμ
(i) ikjEifjd fo"k;ksa osQ vfrfjDr vU; mi;ksxh fo"k;ksa esa ikB~;Øe vkjEHk fd, x;sA

(ii) Nk=kksa osQ nÙk dk;Z (Assignments) fn;s tkus yxsA
(iii) Nk=kksa dk nÙk dk;Z dk ewY;kadu Hkh fd;k tkus yxkA
(iv) Nk=k viuh lqfo/k rFkk vko';drk osQ vuqlkj ijh{kk nsus yxs rFkk izek.k i=k izkIr djus yxsA
5- 'kSf{kd vuqlU/kuksa dk mi;ksxμf'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa vusd vuqla/ku gksrs jgrs gSa] mudk ykHk lqnwj f'k{kk
dks O;ofLFkr djus esa fd;k tkus yxkA
bu vuqla/kuksa dk izHkko bl izdkj gqvkμ(1) fo"k;ksa dh lajpuk esa lq/kj fd;k x;kA (2) f'k{k.k osQ fy;s vusd
ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkus yxkA (3) lEioZQ dk;ZØeksa dk vuqiz;ksxA

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