Page 278 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—27% mPp f'k{kk dk futhdj.k

izos'k ,oa dk;ZØe uksV
mPp f'k{kk osQ izlkj esa jk"Vª dh vko';drkvksa dk è;ku vo'; j[kuk pkfg,A 1985&86 rd mPp f'k{kk esa izos'k
c<+rk gh tk;sxkA vr% O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa dk izlkj gksuk pkfg;sA f'k{kk vk;ksx dk fopkj gS fdμ
1- izos'k osQ fy;s lsysD'ku i¼fr viukbZ tk;sA blosQ rhu vk/kj bl izdkj gks ldrs gSaμ

(v) laLFkkvksa esa vè;kid ,oa lqfo/kvksa osQ vuqlkj izos'k fn;k tk;s ftlls Lrj cuk jgsA
(vk) os fo'ofo|ky; }kjk fu/kZfjr ekU;rkvksa osQ vuqlkj ;ksX; gksaA

(b) laLFkkvksa }kjk loksZÙke fo|k£Fk;ksa dks vè;;u osQ fy;s pquk tkuk pkfg,A
2- foKku rFkk izkFkfed f'k{kk dh va'kdkyhu (lk;adkyhu dkWyst] Mkd }kjk f'k{kk) O;oLFkk djukA 1986
rd ,d&frgkbZ mPp f'k{kk va'kdkyhu i¼fr ls nh tk;sA
3- LukrdksÙkj&f'k{kk ,oa vuqlU/ku dh O;oLFkk fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ,oa fo'ofo|ky; osQ osQUnzksa ij gksA

4- orZeku esa Nk=kkvksa dk vuqikr 1 % 4 gSA 1 % 3 gks tk;sA ferO;;h Nk=kkokl O;oLFkk ,oa Nk=ko`fÙk dk;ZØe
ykxw fd;s tk;saA
5- u;s fo'ofo|ky; ogk¡ [kksys tk;sa] tgk¡ mudh vko';drk gSA blosQ fy;s ;w-th-lh- ls vuqefr izkIr dh
tk;sA

6- fo'ofo|ky; lg;ksx osQ vk/kj ij vius dk;ZØe pyk;saA
7- lekt&foKkuksa dks vf/d egRo fn;k tk;sA
8- fo"k;ksa osQ Ïksr (Combination) esa vf/d yksp gksuh pkfg,A

9- {ks=kh; vè;;u (Area Studies) dks oqQN fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa vkjEHk fd;k tk;sA
10- ekuo foKku dks laxfBr fd;k tk;sA

11- 'kSf{kd vuqlU/ku ij cy fn;k tk;sA NCERT esa 'kSf{kd vuqlU/ku gsrq MkWoqQesUVs'ku lsUVj rFkk Dyh;¯jx
gkml fodflr fd;s tk;saA us'kuy ,sosQMseh vkWiQ ,tqosQ'ku LFkkfir gksA f'k{kk ij oqQy O;; c<+k;k tk;sA
fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh lEizHkqrk

fo'ofo|ky; vius vki esa LorU=k gksa vkSj muosQ laxBu ij ljdkjh fu;U=k.k gks vFkok u gks] ;g iz'u vo';
gh fopkj.kh; jgk gSA vk;ksx us vius lq>ko bl izdkj fn;s gSaμ
1- fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa lEizHkqrk fo|k£Fk;ksa osQ pquko] vè;kidksa osQ pquko o izxfr] ikB~;Øe osQ fuèkkZj.k]
f'k{k.k i¼fr ,oa vuqlU/ku osQ {ks=kksa osQ fu/kZj.k esa fufgr gksrh gSA Hkkjr esa lEizHkqrk dh ijEijk
'kfDr'kkyh gSA fiQj Hkh bldk mÙkjnkf;Ro ljdkj] vkbZ-;w-ch-] ;w-th-lh- ij jgrk gSA vr% ;w-th-lh-]
;w-ch- ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa osQ eè; ijke'kZ osQ fy;s ,d rU=k dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk;sA ;w-th-lh-] vkbZ-;w-ch-
fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh lEizHkqrk osQ cukus esa tuer rS;kj djsaA
2- fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks vius foHkkxksa ,oa ladk;ksa dks Hkh i;kZIr lEizHkqrk nsuh pkfg,A

3- Nk=kksa ,oa vè;kidksa dh la;qDr lfefr;k¡ gksuh pkfg,A ,osQMsfed dkSaflyksa rFkk ;wfuo£lVh&dksV~lZ
esa Nk=k izfrfuf/ gksA
4- jkT; ljdkjsa fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks ;Fkk'kfDr vk£Fkd lgk;rk nsa vkSj mudks iz;ksx esa ykus osQ fy;s
fu;e ljy gksaA ;w-th-lh-] fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks fodklkRed ,oa j{kkRed (Maintanance) vuqnku
nsA Cykd&xzkaV iz.kkyh ykxw gksA fo'ofo|ky; ljdkjh turk osQ gLr{ksi ls ijs gksaA

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