Page 39 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV ekyok osQ 'kkld] fx;klqíhu rqxyd us] ftlus lu~ 1469 ls 1500 rd 'kklu fd;k] lkjaxiqj esa lHkh oxks±
dh ckfydkvksa osQ fy,] ,d enjls dh LFkkiuk dhA ¶iQfj'rk (Ferishta) osQ vuqlkjμbl enjls esa
ckfydkvksa dks u`R;] laxhr] flykbZ] cqukbZ] c<+bZxhjh] lqukjxhjh] yqgkjxhjh] twrs cukus] e[key cukus]
;q¼ dyk] j.k{ks=k dyk vkfn dh f'k{kk nh tkrh FkhA mudh f'k{kk dk Hkkj muosQ vfHkHkkodksa dks
ogu djuk iM+rk FkkA vr% osQoy /u&lEiUu O;fDr gh viuh ckfydkvksa dks bl fo|ky; esa vè;;u
osQ fy, Hkst ikrs FksA¸

jkt?kjkuksa rFkk oqQyhu ifjokjksa dh ckfydkvksa vkSj fL=k;ksa dks muosQ fuokl&LFkkuksa ij gh O;fDrxr :i ls f'k{kk
nh tkrh FkhA mudks /eZ ,oa lkfgR; osQ vfrfjDr] u`R;] laxhr ,oa vU; yfyr dykvksa dh Hkh f'k{kk nh tkrh
FkhA bl izdkj] f'k{kk izkIr djus okyh vusd eqfLye jktoqQekfj;ksa osQ uke vkt Hkh xoZ ls Lej.k fd;s tkrs
gSa_ tSlsμvYre'k dh iq=kh] jft;k lqYrkuk viuh fo}rk osQ fy, fo[;kr FkhA nf{k.k dh ohjkaxuk] pk¡n lqYrkuk
dks rqdhZ] vjch] iQkjlh vkSj ejkBh Hkk"kkvksa ij leku vf/dkj FkkA ckcj dh iq=kh] xqycnu csxe dh Ñfr]
¶gqek;w¡ukek¸ bfrgkl dh vewY; fuf/ ekuh tkrh gSA gqek;w¡ dh Hkrhth lyhek lqYrkuk_ tgk¡xhj dh iRuh]
uwjtgk¡ vkSj vkSjaxtsc dh iq=kh tscqfUulk csxeμlHkh fonq"kh efgyk,¡ FkhaA

mDr efgykvksa osQ vfrfjDr vkSj Hkh vusd lqf'kf{kr fL=k;k¡ FkhaA fdUrq budh rqyuk esa mu lkekU; fL=k;ksa dh
la[;k dgha vf/d Fkh] tks vf'kf{kr FkhaA oLrqfLFkfr ;g Fkh fd tcfd jkt?kjkuksa vkSj oqQyhu ifjokjksa dh fL=k;ksa
esa f'k{kk dk izpyu Fkk] lkekU; fL=k;ksa esa f'k{kk dk izlkj ugha gqvkA vr% os f'k{kk ls japek=k Hkh ykHkkfUor
ugha gqb±A blh rF; dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, MkW- ,iQ-bZ- osQbZ us fy[kk gSμ¶eqlyeku fL=k;ksa osQ fo'kky lkekU;
lewg dks ikfjokfjd drZO;ksa dks djus osQ fy, ?kjsyw izf'k{k.k osQ vykok fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ f'k{kk
izkIr ugha gqbZA¸

2- O;kolkf;d f'k{kk (Professional Education)μfnYyh osQ lqYrkuksa vkSj eqxy lezkVksa dks O;kolkf;d f'k{kk
osQ izfr fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa de ;k vf/d #fp vo'; FkhA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa O;kolkf;d f'k{kk dk fodkl
gksuk LokHkkfod Fkkμ
(1) fpfdRlk'kkL=k dh f'k{kk (Medical Education)μfpfdRlk'kkL=k dh mi;qDr f'k{kk nsus osQ fy, laLÑr
xzUFkksa dk iQkjlh esa vuqokn fd;k x;k FkkA bu xzUFkksa osQ vk/kj ij iQkjlh esa iqLrdksa dh jpuk dh xbZA
bl izdkj dh oqQN mYys[kuh; iqLrosaQ Fkhaμ¶enkuq'k&f'kiQk,&fldUnjh¸] nLrwj&my&vfrCck¸ vkSj
¶rqgiQr&vy&eksfeuA¸

fpfdRlk'kkL=k dh f'k{kk] enjlksa esa ;k fof'k"V f'k{kk&laLFkkvksa esa nh tkrh FkhA vkxjk esa vdcj }kjk
LFkkfir fd;s x;s enjls vkSj jkeiqj dh fof'k"V f'k{kk&laLFkkμfpfdRlk'kkL=k dh f'k{kk osQ fy, izfl¼ FkhaA

(2) yfyr dykvksa dh f'k{kk (Education in Fine Arts)μyxHkx lHkh eqfLye 'kkld] lkSUn;Z osQ mikld
Fks vkSj vius egyksa ,oa njcktksa dh 'kksHkk esa o`f¼ djus osQ fy, mRoaQfBr jgrs FksA iQyLo:i] yfyr
dykvksa dk vHkwriwoZ fodkl gqvkA bu dykvksa esa vxzkafdr dks mPpre LFkku izkIr Fkkμlaxhr] fp=kdyk
vkSj u`R;dykA bu dykvksa dk izf'k{k.kμdkj[kkuksa esa] oa'kkuqxr :i esa vkSj O;fDrxr :i ls mLrknksa
}kjk fn;k tkrk FkkA
(3) lSfud f'k{kk (Military Education)μHkkjr esa lc eqfLye 'kkldksa dk y{; vius jkT; dks LFkk;h vkSj
lqn`<+ cukuk FkkA fons'kh vkSj fo/ehZ gksus osQ dkj.k] os Hkkjrh;ksa dks lnSo 'kadk dh n`f"V ls ns[krs FksA mu
ij viuk izHkqRo LFkkfir djus vkSj cuk;s j[kus osQ fy, eqfLye 'kkldksa dks le;≤ ij fgUnw jktkvksa
ls ;q¼ djus iM+rs FksA
,slh ifjfLFkfr esa eqfLye 'kkldksa }kjk lSfud f'k{kk ij cy fn;k tkuk vko';d FkkA ;g f'k{kk lk/kj.k
lSfudksa vkSj jktoqQekjksa osQ fy, fHkUu izdkj dh FkhA lSfudksa dks rhj] Hkkyk ,oa ryokj pykus] nqxZ dk
?ksjk Mkyus ij ?kksM+s ,oa gkFkh ij cSBdj ;q¼ djus dh f'k{kk nh tkrh FkhA eqxy&dky esa mudks xksyh

32 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY