Page 43 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV vko';d ugha le>k tkrk FkkA blesa mudh Lej.k&'kfDr rks fuf'pr :i ls rhoz gks tkrh Fkh] ij mudh
euu] fpUru vkfn vU; ekufld 'kfDr;ksa dk fodkl ugha gksrk FkkA
nwljk% ckydksa dks igys i<+us dk vH;kl djk;k tkrk Fkk vkSj mldh lekfIr osQ i'pkr~ fy[kus dkA
blls mudk i;kZIr le; u"V gksrk Fkk vkSj mudk lUrqfyr fodkl Hkh ugha gksrk FkkA
rhljk% ekSf[kd f'k{k.k ij bruk vf/d cy fn;k tkrk Fkk fd ckydksa dks fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vkfn
O;kogkfjd fØ;kvksa osQ fy, dksbZ volj izkIr ugha gksrk FkkA
pkSFkk% MkW- ;wlqiQ gqlSu osQ 'kCnksa esaμ¶eè;dkyhu f'k{kk&i¼fr esa yphysiu dk vHkko FkkA ifj.kker%
og vR;f/d vuE; (Right) vkSj vfuekZ.kdkjh (Non-creative) cu xbZ FkhA¸
ik¡poka% MkW- ;wlqiQ gqlSu osQ 'kCnksa esaμ¶eè;dkyhu f'k{kk&i¼fr esa Nk=kksa esa O;kogkfjd fu.kZ; iznku djus
dh {kerk ugha FkhA og vR;f/d fu"izk.k vkSj iqLrdh; FkhA¸

vfUre% MkW- ;wlqiQ gqlSu osQ fopkjkuqlkjμ¶;g dguk ,sfrgkfld n`f"V ls lR; gksxk fd eè;dkyhu
f'k{kk&i¼fr] usr`Ro osQ xq.kksa dk fodkl djus esa foiQy gqbZA vr% og thou osQ fofHkUu {ks=kksa osQ
fy, vlk/kj.k O;fDr;ksa dh ekax dh iw£r ugha dj ldhA¸

vk/qfud f'k{kk osQ fy, xzká rRo
(Acceptable Features for Modern Education)

eqfLye&f'k{kk esa gesa ,sls vusd mi;ksxh rRo feyrs gSa] tks vk/qfud Hkkjrh; f'k{kk osQ fy, xzká gSaμ
1- fu%'kqYd f'k{kk (Free Education)μeqfLye&f'k{kk izkFkfed vkSj mPpμnksuksa Lrjksa ij fu%'kqYd cuk;k
tkuk pkfg,A bldk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd vkt dh f'k{kk bruh eg¡xh gks xbZ gS fd vusd Nk=k ekè;fed
vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls mPp f'k{kk osQ fy, ykykf;r gksus ij Hkh mls izkIr djus ls oafpr jg tkrs gSaA
;g rF; fu/Zu ifjokjksa osQ ckydksa osQ fo"k; esa fo'ks"k :i ls lR; gSA mPp f'k{kk dks fu%'kqYd cukus ls
jkT;&ljdkjksa dk O;; vo'; c<+ tk;sxk] ij blls fgr Hkh vo'; vf/d gksxkA bldh iqf"V esa ;g dkj.k
izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS fd ns'k dks izfrHkk'kkyh O;fDr miyC/ gks ldrs gSa] tks iz[kj cqf¼ okys gksrs
gq, Hkh mPp f'k{kk xzg.k djus osQ fy, vius dks vleFkZ ikrs gSaA
2- O;kogkfjd f'k{kk (Practical Education)μvkt osQ oSKkfud ;qx esa f'k{kk dks vkè;kfRed fodkl vkSj
eks{k&izkfIr dk lk/u cukuk loZFkk vuqfpr gSA vr% ;g vko';d gS fd ftl izdkj eqfLye&f'k{kk esa
O;kogkfjd fo"k;ksa dks egRo fn;k tkrk Fkk] mlh izdkj Hkkjr dh vk/qfud f'k{kk esa Hkh fn;k tk;sA
O;kogkfjd f'k{kk izkIr djosQ Nk=kμlekt osQ mi;ksxh lnL; cu ldrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh viuh thfodk
dk ljyrk ls miktZu Hkh dj ldrs gSaA
3- f'k{kd dh fLFkfr esa mUufr (Elevation of Teacher’s Status)μvk/qfud Hkkjr esa f'k{kd dh fLFkfr
fuEu ls fuEurj gksrh pyh tk jgh gSA blosQ fy, vkaf'kd :i ls f'k{kd] ij eq[; :i ls lekt vkSj
jkT; mÙkjnk;h gSaA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd u rks f'k{kd dks lekt esa lEeku izkIr gS vkSj u jkT; dk
laj{k.kA vr% vko';d gS fd lekt vkSj jkT;μnksuksa gh mlosQ izfr vius n`f"Vdks.k dks ifjo£rr djsa
vkSj mldh fLFkfr dks leqUur cukus esa m|ksx djsaA eqfLye ;qx esa f'k{kd dks Nk=kksa dh HkfDr] lekt
dk lEeku vkSj jkT; dk laj{k.k izkIr FkkA vk/qfud Hkkjr eas eqfLye&f'k{kk osQ bl rRo dks ,der ls
Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
4- O;fDrxr lEioZQ (Individual Contact)μeqfLye ;qx osQ vf/dka'k enjlksa esa f'k{kd vkSj Nk=k
lkFk&lkFk jgrs FksA iQyLo:i] muesa O;fDrxr lEioZQ LFkkfir gks tkrk FkkA bl lEioZQ osQ ekè;e ls
f'k{kd] Nk=kksa esa fof'k"V xq.kksa dk lekos'k djrs FksA
vk/qfud Hkkjrh; f'k{kk esa O;fDrxr lEioZQ uke dh dksbZ pht ugha gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd Nk=kksa esa

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