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Unit 3: Need for Guidance with Reference to India

are inefficient. This is a huge wastage of scant resources. Guidance facilities may help in reducing Notes
this wastage and thus ensure efficient use of manpower.
(5) Motivating the youth for self-employment : Considering the magnitude of educated job-
seekers flowing into the job market in India every year, a sizable fraction of enterprising youth
should be initiated into careers of self-employment. Some arrangement needs to be instituted
in the colleges and universities to identify the deserving cases fit to take up self-employment.
They must be educated on how to proceed about the job of setting up a venture. They must be
helped through the cooperation of the concerned agencies in this sphere to prepare technically
sound and economically viable projects. Agencies must sponsor their cases to the banks for
loans assitance and guide them to overcome the teething trouble through effective follow—up
after the commencement of the venture. All this requires guidance.
(6) Helping freshers to establish proper identity : In India the young men and women entering
colleges and universities are comparatively young in years. They are passing through a stage
between childhood and adulthood, between the morality learned as a child and the ethics to
be developed by the adult. They find it extremely difficult to establish a satisfactory indentity.
This failure or delay leads to what has been called “role diffusion”. This crisis in role identity
is very acute today. The uncertainties of the future, the conflicts in languages, culture, regions,
castes, etc., and the erosion of traditional values has made Indian youth rootless.
In small study done by Fuster (1964) with Bombay college students, both men and women, it
was found that the strongest needs, as reported by the students themselves where they were
requested to indicate rank orders, were for achievement in life, self-reliance and as sense of security,
success in college and university, to have an understanding friend and (for the males) money.
Guidance and counseling programme is needed to help students deal effectively with the
normal development tasks of adolescence and face life situations boldly.
(7) Identifying and motivating the students from weaker sections of society : Students from
weaker sections of society have their own problems and needs. They experience difficulty in
adjustment with the peers, teachers and the environment. It is a problem for them to
communicate, make friends, utilise the time profitably, make the best use of lectures, make an
effective use of library and other facilities available. Guidance facilities are needed for such
type to students to enable them to adjust and utilise the available facilities.
(8) Helping the students in their period of turmoil and confusion : Normally all the students
undergo a great deal to turmoil and searching to give meaning to their lives. They have their
conflicts and anxieties. They are disillusioned regarding higher education. They find that instead
of imparting them education colleges and universities, just enable them to pass examination.
They feel lost and bewildered, when this education does not enable them to get immediate
employment. They have their personal conflicts and anxieties about their parents and family,
their relations to boy and girl friends. They have the problems of adjusting their personality to
the world of people, of ethical ideas and of goals and situations. To tackle all these situations
successfully, they need someone to sort out the strands. This is done through guidance.

(9) Checking wastage and stagnation : (India average pass percentage at the graduate and
post-graduate level is about 50 to 60). Besides thousands of Indian students, unfortunately,
drop out get pushed out and fall out of the system. This problem is becoming more and more
serious today. Again majority of our students pass in third division, which is a low qualification
for the world of work. This poor achievement may be due to lack of proper study skills and
effective study habits, lack of the knowledge for making full use of the facilities provided and
so on.
Higher education is a very costly enterprise. Much of the money wasted on poor and low
achievers could be saved by a policy of prevention. Preventive education is more sound
economically than remedial education. There is a clear need for developing better professional

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