Page 273 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_HINDI

bdkbZ—26% vuqfLFkfr ekiuh

10- ekiuh osQ fy, ,sls O;fDr;ksa dk p;u djuk pkfg, tks ekiuh O;fDr;ksa rFkk xq.kksa ls Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ifjfpr gksA uksV
vuqfLFkfr ekiuh dh =kqfV;k¡ (Errors in Rating Scale)

bl ekiuh esa lk/kj.kr% v/ksfyf[kr =kqfV;k¡ jgrh gSaμ
(v) mnkjrk dh =kqfV (Generosity Error)μdHkh&dHkh ekiu&drkZ mnkjrk esa vius O;fDr;ksa dk ekiu
fuEu Lrj esa djrs gSa vkSj vU; O;fDr dk mPp Lrj esa djrs gSaA
(c) i{kikr dh =kqfV (Stringency Error)μmijksDr =kqfV osQ foijhr vius O;fDr;ksa dk mPp Lrj rFkk vU;
O;fDr;ksa dks fuEu Lrj esa vafdr djrs gSaA

(l) O;fDrfu"B dh =kqfV (Halo Error)μekiu&drkZ ekius esa mlosQ lkekU; izHkko osQ vk/kj ij Lrjhdj.k
djrk gSA
(n) osQUnzorhZ eku dh =kqfV (Error of Central Tendency)μekiu&drkZ lk/kj.kr% O;fDr;ksa osQ ekiu esa
osQUnzorhZ izo`fr jgrh gS vkSlr ij vf/dka'k O;fDr;ksa dks vafdr djrs gSaA
(;) rk£dd =kqfV (Logical Errors)μbl izdkj dh =kqfV gksrh gS tc ekiu&drkZ vius roZQ osQ vk/kj ij
Lrjhdj.k djrk gSA

26-2 vuqfLFkfr ekiuh osQ izdkj (Types of Rating Scale)

vuqfLFkfr ekiuh osQ dbZ izdkj gSa muesa ls izeq[k ekiuh v/ksfyf[kr gSaμ
(1) o.kZukRed vuqfLFkfr ekiuh (Descriptive Rating Scale),
(2) vadh; ekiuh ;k lkaf[;dh ekiuh (Numerical Scale),

(3) xzkiQh; ekiuh (Graphic Scale), rFkk
(4) O;fDr ls O;fDr dh ekiuh (Man to Man Scale)A
bu ekifu;ksa osQ vk/kj ij vfHko`fr] vfHkO;fDr rFkk fopkjksa dk ekiu fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr O;fDrRo
dk Hkh ekiu fd;k tkrk gSA bl ekiuh osQ lUnHkZ esa FkLVZu rFkk fydVZ dk vf/d ;ksxnku jgk gSA buosQ vuqlkj
ekifu;ksa dk o.kZu ;gk¡ fd;k x;k gSA
(1) FkLVZu ekiuh (Thurstone’s Rating Scale)

bl izdkj dh vuqfLFkfr ekiuh esa ftl oLrq ;k xq.k&fo'ks"k dk Lrjhdj.k djuk gksrk gSA mlosQ lEcU/ esa vusd
dFkuksa dks jpuk dh tkrh gSA bu dFkuksa osQ lEcU/ esa fu.kZ; ysus osQ fy, fu.kkZ;d fu;qDr fd, tkrs gSaA izR;sd
dFku dks X;kjg fcUnqvksa esa ls vafdr djuk gksrk gSA fu.kkZ;dksa osQ vk/kj ij izR;sd dFku osQ egRo dk vkSlr
fudky fy;k tkrk gS og ml dFku dk izkekf.kd eku le>k tkrk gSA tc fdlh 'kks/&dk;Z esa bl ekiuh

dks iz;qDr djrs gSaA rc U;kn'kZ osQ lnL;ksa esa ekiuh osQ dFkuksa dks vafdr djk;k tkrk gS rFkk mu dFkuksa osQ
izkekf.kd ekuksa dk ;ksx dj fy;k tkrk gS] tks ml lnL; osQ iznÙk gksrs gSaA
;g ekiuh vf/d izkekf.kd ,oa 'kq¼ ekuh tkrh gS ijUrq bldh jpuk djuk vf/d dfBu gksrk gS] vf/d
le; Hkh yxrk gSA bldk vadu vf/d ljy gksrk gSA blfy, bldk mi;ksx de fd;k tkrk gSA
(2) fydVZ vuqfLFkfr ekiuh (Likert Method of Summated Rating)

bl izdkj dh vuqfLFkfr ekiuh esa oLrq] laLFkk ;k xq.k fo'ks"k osQ lEcU/ esa dFkuksa dks jpuk dh tkrh gSA bu dFkuksa
dks O;kogkfjd 'kCnksa esa fy[kk tkrk gSA dFkuksa dks ik¡p fcUnqvksa ij vafdr fd;k tkrk gSA bl ekiuh dh jpuk
esa fu.kkZ;dksa dks fu;qDr ugha fd;k tkrk gS vfirq U;kn'kZ osQ lnL;ksa dks izR;{k :i esa vafdr djus dks fn;k tkrk

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 267