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Educational Management

Notes 15. Accelerating National Development : The last but not the least significant objective of adult
education is to accelerate national development.
The Adult Education Policy Statement (1978) very rightly observed,"Exclusion of a vast majority
of the people from the process of education is the most disturbing aspect of educational and
social planning. This has been uppermost in the consideration of the Government. While
determined effort must be made to universalise elementary education up to the age of 14 years,
educational facilities must be extended to adult population to remedy their educational
deprivation and to enable them to develop their potentiality. Indeed, universalisation of
elementary education and of adult literacy are mutually interdependent.
6.2.5 Major Efforts Made in India for the Promotion of Adult Education
1. Issue of Adult Policy Statement (1978)

2. National Adult Education Programme (1978)
3. National Literacy Mission-NLM (1988)
4. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan — SSA (Education for All)
5. Grant to Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO’s)
Issue of Adult Policy Statement (1978)
The policy statement outlined the philosophy of adult education as the assumptions (a) that illiteracy
is a serious impediment to and individual’s growth and to the country’s socio-economic progress;
(b) that education is not co-terminus with schooling but takes place in most work and life situations;
(c) tha learning, working and living are inseparable and each acquires a meaning only when correlated
with the others; (d) that the means by which people are involved in the process of development are
at least as important as the ends; and (e) that the illiterate and the poor can rise to their own
liberation through literacy, dialogue and action.”
National Adult Education Programme
NAEP was launched on October 2, 1978. It was proposed to cover the entire population in the age
group 15-35 by the end of 1983-1984.

Component of the NLM

(1) (2) (3) (4)
Literacy Functional Literacy Awareness Development and
Improvement

Components of the NLM
1. Literacy : Making literate 80 million
2. Functional Literacy : The Mission has prescribed certain levels in the three Rs. to be achieved
by the target groups
Reading Norms : As far as reading is concerned, a person, to be declared a literate, must be able
to read aloud a simple passage at a speed of 30 words per minute. While reading silently small
paragraph in simple language, a speed of 35 words per minute should be achieved.
The neo-literates must also be able to read and understand road signs, posters, simple instructions
and newspapers specially produced for them. Ability to follow simple written messages relating
to one’s working and living environment is another requisite attribute.
Writing Norms : In respect of writing, the Mission has laid down that a neo-literature should
be able to ‘copy with understanding at a speed of seven words per minute.’ He should be able

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