Page 181 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_HINDI

bdkbZ—12% tokcnsgh] izcaèku izf'k{k.k % vFkZ vkSj vko';drk

2- izR;{k fof/μtokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls lh/s gh tkudkjh ysuk (Direct Method–Collecting uksV
information directly from the Accountables)

;g fof/ Lo&ewY;kadu fof/ ls bl ckr esa varj j[krh gS fd ;gk¡ ;|fi tkudkjh tokcnsg O;fDr ls gh bdV~Vh
dh tkrh gS ijUrq ml tkudkjh dk Lo:i Lo&ewY;kadu izksiQkekZ ls yh xbZ tkudkjh ls dkiQh oqQN vyx gksrk
gSA Lo&ewY;kadu izksiQkekZ osQ iz'uksa osQ mÙkjksa esa O;fDr fo'ks"k dk visf{kr tokcnsgh osQ lanHkZ esa Lo&ewY;kadu
Nqik gqvk gksrk gSA og Lo;a crkrk gS fd dgk¡ mlus ftEesnkjh Bhd fuHkkbZ vkSj dgk¡ mlus bl ckjs esa vlkoèkkuh
;k ykijokgh cjrhA nwljs 'kCnksa esa fdu ckrksa osQ lanHkZ esa mlus viuh tokc nsgh fdl lhek rd rFkk fdl
:i esa fuHkkbZ dh LohdkjksfDr ;k bldk ewY;kadu Lo;a mlosQ }kjk fd;k tkrk gS] fdlh vU; osQ }kjk ughaA
gk¡ ;g vyx gS fd mlosQ }kjk fd;s x;s bl izdkj osQ Lo&ewY;kadu fjdkMZ dh vkxs fiQj vf/dkjh fo'ks"k fdUgha
vkSj lk/uksa ls iqf"V (verificaiton) djkus dk iz;Ru fd;k tk;sA ijUrq ,d ckr Li"V gS fd ewY;kadu izksiQkekZ
osQ tfj;s tks lwpuk;sa tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls yh tkrh gS muesa mudk viuh ftEesnkfj;ksa ;k tokcnsgh fuoZgu
osQ lEcU/ esa Lo&ewY;kadu gh >ydrk gS tcfd ;gk¡ vc ftl fof/ esa ppkZ ge djus tk jgs gSa mlesa lwpuk,¡
rks vo'; gh tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls bdB~Vh dh tkrh gSa ijUrq bl vk/kj ij O;fDr dh tokcnsgh fuoZgu osQ
Lrj dk ewY;kadu ml O;fDr osQ }kjk ;k desVh fo'ks"k }kjk fd;k tkrk gS ftls tokcnsgh fuoZgu osQ Lrj dh

tk¡p djus dh ftEesnkjh lkSaih xbZ gSA vr% tokcnsgh dk ;gk¡ Lo&ewY;kadu ugha gksrk cfYd tokcnsg O;fDr
ls izkIr lwpukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij tokcnsgh fuoZgu dh tk¡p djus okyh ,tsUlh }kjk ;g ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk
gSA iQyLo:i ml ,tsUlh dks ml O;fDr fo'ks"k ;k lewg fo'ks"k ls lh/s gh ckr dj mlls ,slh tkudkjh ,df=kr
djus dk iz;Ru djuk gksrk gS ftldk fo'ys"k.k dj og ,tsUlh ;g fu.kZ; ys losQ fd O;fDr ;k lewg fo'ks"k
}kjk fuHkkbZ tkus okyh ftEesnkfj;ksa ;k tokcnsgh osQ fuoZgu dk Lrj oSQlk gSA tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ;k lewg fo'ks"k
ls lh/s gh bl izdkj dh tkudkjh ,df=kr djus esa tk¡p ,tsUlh }kjk lkekU;r;k fuEu izdkj osQ losZ{k.k lk/
uksa dks iz;ksx esa ykus dk iz;Ru fd;k x;k gSA
1- iz'ukoyh (Questionnaire)μbl iz'ukoyh esa ,sls iz'uksa dh jpuk dh tkrh gS ftuosQ mÙkjksa osQ ekè;e ls
,slh tkudkjh tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls izkIr gks losaQ ftuosQ fo'ys"k.k osQ ekè;e ls muosQ tokcnsgh osQ Lrj dk
ewY;kadu fd;k tk losQA
2- pSd fyLV (Check List)μ;gk¡ ewY;kadudÙkkZ osQ ikl mu lHkh fofHkUu mÙkjnkf;Roksa dh lwph gksrh gS ftuosQ
fuoZgu dh tokcnsgh dh O;fDr ;k lewg fo'ks"k ls vis{kk dh tkrh gSA bl fyLV ls lEcfU/r fØ;kdykiksa osQ
ckjs esa vc iz'udÙkkZ ;k rks okafNr iz'u tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls iwNrk gS ;k og Lo;a muosQ fjdkMZ ns[kdj vFkok

muosQ dkedkt dks ns[kdj lwphc¼ lwpuk lkexzh ij fpUg vafdr djus dk iz;Ru djrk gSA
3- lk{kkRdkj (Interview)μbl losZ{k.k lk/u osQ }kjk ewY;kadu tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa ls O;fDrxr :i esa Fkk
lkewfgd :i esa vkeus&lkeus gksdj ,sls iz'u iwNrk gS ftuosQ mÙkj rFkk tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa dh vU; vuqfØ;kvksa
osQ vk/kj ij og mudh tokcnsgh fuoZgu osQ Lrj osQ ckjs esa mfpr fu.kZ; ysa losQA
4- fujh{k.k (Observation)μ;gk¡ ewY;kadudÙkkZ Lo;a LFkyksa ij tkdj tokcnsg O;fDr;ksa osQ O;ogkjxr fØ;kvksa
dk mudh LokHkkfod ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fujh{k.k dj ;g irk yxkus dh ps"Vk djrk gS fd tks ftEesnkfj;k¡ mUgsa lkSaih
xbZ gSa os fdl :i esa fuHkk jgs gSaA tSls f'k{kdx.k dk fo|k£Fk;ksa ls fdl izdkj dk O;ogkj gS] mudks i<+kus osQ

rjhosQ oSQls gSa] muosQ }kjkμvko';d jftLVj rFkk fjdkMZ fdl :i esa j[ks tk jgs gSa] vf/dkjhx.k vkSj muosQ chp
fdl Lrj dk lg;ksx rFkk rkyesy gS] bR;kfn bR;kfnA

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