Page 216 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_HINDI

'kSf{kd izcU/u

uksV Hkkjr esa fodykaxksa dh f'k{kk (Education for Disabled in India)
'kkjhfjd :i ls fodykaxksa osQ fy;s lEiw.kZ ns'k esa osQoy 28 fo|ky; vUèkksa dh f'k{kk osQ fy;s] 33 fo|ky; xwaxksa&cgjksa
osQ fy;s rFkk osQoy 2 fo|ky; dksf<+;ksa osQ fy;s FksA ns'k esa f'k{kk&vk;q osQ ckydksa dks ns[krs gq;s fo|ky;ksa dh ;g
la[;k cgqr gh de FkhA LorU=krk ls iwoZ ns'k esa osQoy 13 lqèkkj&x`g FksA ns'k dh vko';drkvksa dks ns[krs gq;s ;g
la[;k cgqr gh de FkhA
1- vaèk fo|ky;μLorU=krk osQ i'pkr~ f'k{kk&foHkkx rFkk lekt&dY;k.k foHkkx dks LorU=krk osQ i'pkr~
fodykaxksa dh f'k{kk dk Hkkj lkSaik x;kA lcls igys nsgjknwu esa vUèkksa osQ fy;s ,d fo|ky; [kksyk x;kA
fodkl&;kstukvksa osQ vUrxZr bls osQUnzh; fo|ky; dk :i iznku fd;k x;kA blesa ,d eqnz.k&izsl dh
LFkkiuk dh x;h] vaèkksa osQ osQUnzh; iqLrdky; dh LFkkiuk dh x;h rFkk us=kghuksa osQ fy;s leqfpr lkfgR;
osQ izdk'ku dh O;oLFkk dh x;hA dkykUrj esa ysMh uks;l fo|ky; dk fodkl fd;k x;k] ftlesa cgjksa
rFkk xwaxksa dh O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA
lu~ 1959 bZ- esa nsgjknwu osQ fo|ky; osQ lkFk ,d vkn'kZ fo|ky; (Model School) lEcfUèkr fd;k x;kA
vktdy nsgjknwu fo|ky; osQ lkFk us=kghu L=kh&f'k{kk foHkkx vkSj lEcfUèkr dj fn;k x;k gSA 1955 bZ-
esa nsgjknwu osQ czSys izsl dk fodkl fd;k x;kA bl izsl us vc rd 273 uohu izdk'ku fd;s gSa] rFkk 83
izdk'kuksa dk iqueqZnz.k fd;k gSA
2- Hkkjrh; cky dY;k.k cksMZμlu~ 1952 bZ- esa ^Hkkjrh; cky dY;k.k cksMZ* dh LFkkiuk dh x;h] tks
fofHkUu izdkj osQ fodykaxksa dh vusd 'kSf{kd rFkk O;kolkf;d leL;kvksa dk lekèkku djrk gSA fodykax
ckydksa osQ fy;s dY;k.kdkjh dk;Z djus dh n`f"V ls ^lekt dY;k.k cksMZ* Hkh vusd ljkguh; dk;Z dj
jgk gSA bldh LFkkiuk 1953 bZ- esa dh x;h FkhA
3- jk"Vªh; lykgdkj ifj"knμosQUnzh; ljdkj dks f'k{kk] izf'k{k.k rFkk fu;ksx lEcUèkh ekeyksa ij ijke'kZ
iznku djus gsrq ,d ^jk"Vªh; lykgdkj ifj"kn* dk Hkh xBu fd;k x;kA fodykaxksa dh jkstxkj lEcUèkh
leL;kvksa dk lekèkku djus gsrq fnYyh] gSnjkckn] enzkl] tkyUèkj] dkuiqj] vgenkckn caxykSj rFkk
dksydkrk esa fo'ks"k fu;kstu dk;kZy; LFkkfir fd;s x;sA
4- eUn cqf¼ ckydksa dks f'k{kkμekufld :i ls nqcZy ckydksa dh f'k{kk O;oLFkk osQ fy;s caxky osQ nksuksa
gh fo|ky;ksa dk fodkl fd;k x;kA bu ckydksa osQ cqf¼&Lrj dk irk yxkus gsrq bykgkckn dh euksoSKkfud
iz;ksx'kkyk us vusd euksoSKkfud ijh{kk,¡ rS;kj dhaA 1952 osQ ckn ls bu ckydksa dks fo'ks"k Nk=ko`fÙk;k¡
nsus dh O;oLFkk dh x;hA lu~ 1955&56 rd fodykaxksa dh f'k{kk ij fd;s tkus okys O;; dk 50 izfr'kr
Hkkj osQUnzh; ljdkj rFkk 'ks"k jkT; ljdkj ogu djrh Fkh] fdUrq blosQ ckn leLr Hkkj osQUnzh; ljdkj
ogu djus yxhA
5- jkT; ljdkjksa dk iz;klμbl fn'kk esa osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ vfrfjDr vusd jkT; ljdkjksa rFkk vusd
ekuo&lsok la?k Hkh mYys[kuh; dk;Z dj jgh gSaA iatkc esa p.Mhx<+ esa fodykaxksa osQ fy;s ,d x`g (Home)
dh LFkkiuk dh gS] mÙkj izns'k C;wjks vkWiQ lkbdksyksth Hkh O;oLFkk dj jgk gSA eqEcbZ dh ^vUèkksa osQ fy;s
jk"Vªh; la?k*] ^vUèk&dY;k.k* (Blind Welfare) ,d if=kdk izdkf'kr djrh gS] dksydkrk osQ cgjs rFkk
xwaxs ckydksa dk fo|ky; ^cgjs* uked if=kdk izdkf'kr djrk gSA izk;% izR;sd jkT; ljdkj us jSu clsjs
rFkk cky&vodk'k x`g LFkkfir dj j[ks gSaA
6- cgjs&xwaxksa dh f'k{kkμgSnjkckn esa cgjs rFkk xwaxksa osQ fy;s Bhd mlh Lrj osQ fo|ky; dk fodkl
gks jgk gS] tSlk fd nsgjknwu esa vUèkksa dk fo|ky; gSA bu ckydksa dh f'k{kk rFkk izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk
esa vusd ijekFkZ lsok la?kksa us Hkh ljkguh; dk;Z fd;s gSaA bu dk;ks± esa iQkWj nh CykbUM dh LFkkiuk
mYys[kuh; gSA

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