Page 211 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ15% 'kSf{kd izcaèku esa i.kèkkfj;ksa (ncko lewgksa) dh lgHkkfxrk

ljdkj uksV
ljdkj lokZfèkd 'kfDr'kkyh fu;U=k.kdkjh vfHkdj.k gS] ;g ckr u osQoy gekjs ns'k osQ fy,] oju~ lHkh ns'kksa osQ
fy, mruh gh lR; gSA lektoknh ns'k bls Li"V :i ls Lohdkj djrs gSaA czwcsdj osQ vuqlkj fo|ky; dE;qfuLV
izlkj osQ fy, ;q¼ {ks=k gS] tgk¡ f'k{kd :ih ;ks¼kvksa osQ ekè;e ls fo|kFkhZ :ih nq'eu ij lkE;okn osQ cht cksdj
fot;Jh izkIr dh tkrh gSA
bl izdkj jkT; f'k{kk dk lcls izHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.kdrkZ gSA Hkkjr tSls tura=kh; ns'kksa esa Hkh ljdkjsa f'k{kk ij
fu;U=k.k j[kuk pkgrh gh gSaA vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr esa lÙkk:<+ dkaxszl us Hkh bl ns'k esa f'k{kk ij fu;U=k.k osQ
fy, iwoZ laoS/kfud fLFkfr esa ifjorZu djosQ 1975 esa f'k{kk dks jkT; lwph ls fudky dj leorhZ lwph esa j[k
fn;k gSA bl ifjorZu ls osQUnzh; ljdkj dk f'k{kk lacaèkh fu;U=k.k dgha vfèkd gks x;k gSA ;ksa igys ls Hkh f'k{kk
lEcUèkh uhfr Hkkjrh; laln gh fuf'pr djrh jgh gSA mnkjg.kkFkZ ns'k esa f'k{kk dk Lo:i 10 $ 2 $ 3 gks
vFkok 8 $ 4 gksA osQUnzh; Lrj ij gh r; gqvk gSA f'k{kk osQ fofHk vk;ksxksa dh fu;qfDr osQUnz ljdkj }kjk gh
gqbZ gSA iqu% osQUnzh; ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; fofHk osQUnzh; 'kSf{kd vfHkdj.kksa] ifj"knksa o cksMks± osQ ekè;e
ls f'k{kk ij viuh idM+ cuk, j[krk gSA ;gh ugha osQUnzh; vuqnku }kjk jkT; ljdkjksa dks fofHkUu 'kSf{kd mís';ksa
dh iw£r esa ;ksxnku osQ ekè;e ls osQUnzh; uhfr dks ykxw fd;k tkrk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx
dk ns'k osQ izk;% lHkh fo'ofo|ky;ksa ij fu;U=k.k gSA f=kHkk"kk iQkewyk] izkS<+ f'k{kk vkfn dk;ZØe lHkh jkT;ksa esa
leku :i ls fØ;kfUor gks jgs gSaA osQUnzh; Lrj ij gh ;kstuk vk;ksx Hkh f'k{kk ij fopkj djrk gS rFkk bl
izdkj f'k{kk lEcUèkh fodkl dk;ks± osQ fy, funsZ'k nsrk gSA
osQUnz] rduhdh] fof'k"V ckydksa] lkaLÑfrd fodkl] 'kSf{kd usr`Ro] jk"VªHkk"kk fodkl vkfn vusd laoSèkkfud
vf/dkjksa osQ ekè;e ls jkT;ksa dh f'k{kk ij izHkkoh fu;U=k.k j[krk gSA ;|fi jkT;ksa dks viuh vko';drk rFkk
vius foosd ls f'k{kk O;oLFkk cuk, j[kus dk vfèkdkj gS] ijUrq mi;qZDr fLFkfr osQ dkj.k os osQUnz ls izHkkfor
gq, fcuk ugha jgrsA

Lora=krk iwoZ rFkk orZeku fLFkfr
fczfV'k 'kklu dky esa f'k{kk fczfV'k ljdkj dh uhfr osQ vuq:i gksrh Fkh] D;ksafd geus pqukSrh nsus dh ckr
ugha lh[kh FkhA Lora=krk vkUnksyu osQ lkFk&lkFk gekjs eu esa fczfV'k f'k{kk uhfr osQ izfr 'kadk mRi gksus yxhA
;gh dkj.k Fkk fd ykMZ dtZu dh f'k{kk uhfr;ksa dk ?kksj fojksèk fd;k x;kA fryd rFkk xks[kys us bu uhfr;ksa
dk izeq[k :i ls fojksèk fd;kA vkt Hkh osQUnzh; ljdkj dh f'k{kk ;kstuk ;k uhfr vklkuh ls Lohdkj ugha dh
tkrhA f=kHkk"kk iQkewZyk vHkh rd lHkh jkT;ksa us fo'ks"k :i ls rfeyukMq jkT; us Lohdkj ugha fd;k gSA

jkT; ljdkj
jkT; ljdkj f'k{kk ij nwljk lcls vfèkd 'kfDr'kkyh fu;a=kd gSA lp rks ;g gS fd izR;sd jkT; vius jkT;
dh f'k{kk osQ fodkl osQ fy, vkt Hkh iwjh rjg ftEesnkj gSA tks jkT; ljdkjsa f'k{kk esa vfèkd #fp j[krh gSa]
os vf/d foÙkh; Hkkj ogu djrh gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ osQjy] egkjk"Vª ;k osQUnz'kkflr paMhx<+] fnYyh vkfn esa
rqyukRed n`f"V ls vfèkd f'k{kk dk izlkj] lac¼ jkT; ljdkjksa dh f'k{kk esa vfèkd #fp osQ ifj.kke gSaA
jkT; f'k{kk ea=kky; ;k lfpoky; }kjk jkT; dh f'k{kk dh uhfr fuf'pr dh tkrh gSA dkSu lh 'kSf{kd lajpuk
Lohdkj dh tk,\ dkSu lh fof'k"V vk;kstu ;k vk;ke f'k{kk esa tksM+s tk;sa\ f'k{kk ij fdldk] fdruk fu;a=k.k
gks] ;g f'k{kk iz'kklfud vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ns'k esa dgha&dgha f'k{kk
dk iwjk ljdkjhdj.k gS] rks dgha ljdkjh rFkk futh f'k{k.k O;oLFkk nksuksa gh f'k{kk izcaèku esa Hkkxhnkj gSaA
mnkgj.kkFkZ jktLFkku esa tgk¡ ekè;fed Lrj ij f'k{kk ij vfèkdka'k 96-5 izfr'kr ljdkjh fu;a=k.k gS] ogha mÙkj
izns'k esa f'k{kk O;oLFkk ij yxHkx 'kr&izfr'kr fu;a=k.k futh laLFkkvksa dk gSA

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