Page 397 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_ENGLISH

Unit 32 : Measurement of Attitude, Aptitude, Personality and Intelligence

• Group Factor Theory or PMA Model. Notes
• Hierarchical Theory : British psychologists, Burt and Philip Vernon synthesised the two factor,
three factor and group factor theories of intelligence and propounded a new theory which is
called Hierarchical Theory.
• Three Dimensional Theory or SI Model : This theory was propounded by psychologist J.P.
Guilford. Guilford presented the structure of intelligence in the form of an orderly three
dimensional model. It is called the Structure of Intelligence Model (S.I. Model).
According to Guilford, theory, there can be more than 120 mental abilities. The first notable
thing in this regard is that it is difficult to understand and differentiate these 120 mental
abilities. Secondly, it is difficult to understand the structure of intelligence by it.
• Fluid and Crystalised Theory
(i) Fluid Intelligence (G )
f
(ii) Crystalised Intelligence (Gc)
• Theory of Intelligence A and B
(i) Intelligence A
(ii) Intelligence B
• Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence
(i) Intelligence is Hereditary Capacity
(ii) Environment is Important for Proper Development of Intelligence
(iii) Development of Human Intelligence is Completed by the Age of 20
(iv) Yogic Exercise can Enhance Hereditary Intelligence
(v) Gender Causes no Difference in Intelligence
(vi) Intelligence is the Ability to Learn
(vii) Intelligence is the Ability to Adjust with Environment
(viii) Intelligence is the Ability of Abstract Thinking
(ix) Intelligence is the Ability to Benefit from Prior Experiences and Acquired Knowledge
• Development of Intelligence
• Development of Intelligence during Infancy
• Development of Intelligence during Childhood
• Development of Intelligence during Adolescence

• Types of Intelligence
1. Concrete Intelligence
2. Abstract Intelligence
3. Social Intelligence
• Measurement of Intelligence
• Binet and Simon considered mental activities such as decision, memory, reasoning and numerical
abilities as the basis of intelligence measurement. They constructed several questions related
to these activities and administered them on several children.
Mental Age (M.A.)
Intelligence Quotient (I.Q) = ×100
Chronological Age (C.A.)

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