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'kSf{kd ekiu rFkk ewY;kadu
uksV Test A Test B
(70 − 65 ) (60 − 50 )
T = 50 + 10 T = 50 + 60
15 10
= 50 + 10 × .3 = 50 + 10 × 1
= 50 + 3 = 50 + 10
=53 = 60
mijksDr nksuksa T-Scores dh rqyuk osQ vk/kj ij ge dg ldrs gSa fd ehuk{kh dh ;ksX;rk ijh{k.k ‘B’ esa vfèkd
gSA
Vh&ifjekik¡dksa dh 'kSf{kd ifjeki osQ {ks=k esa cM+h mi;ksfxrk gSA okLro esa Vh&ifjekik¡d izkIrk¡dksa (raw scores)
osQ 'krk¡'kh; eku (percentiles) gh gSaA ;fn 75 izkIrk¡d dk Vh&ifjekik¡d 60 gS rks bldk vFkZ gksxk fd 60» fo|kFkhZ
75 ls de 40» fo|kFkhZ 75 ls vf/d vad izkIr djrs gSaA
Vh&ifjekik¡dksa dk iz;ksx cgqr&lh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA Vh&ifjeki ekiu (measurement) dh ,d
vR;Ur lqfo/ktud ,oa mi;qDr bdkbZ gSA mlosQ }kjk ;ksX;rk vFkok {kerk osQ cgqr cM+s foLrkj (wide range
of talent) dk ifjekiu fd;k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd mldh bdkb;ksa dk foLrkj 0 ls 100 rd jgrk gSA
fofHk ijh{kkvksa osQ izkIrk¡dksa dks Vh&ifjekik¡dksa esa cny nsus ij os ,d gh LosQy rFkk leku bdkb;ksa esa cny tkrs
gSaA vr% mudh ijLij rqyuk dh tk ldrh gS vkSj mudks tksM+k Hkh tk ldrk gSA
Vh&ifjekik¡dksa osQ egRo dks Lohdkjrs gq, xSfjV (Garrett) egksn; fy[krs gSaμ“T-Scores have general
applicability, a convenient unit and they cover a wide range of talent. Besides these advantages, T-
Scores form different tests of comparability and have the same meaning since reference is always
to a standard of 100 units based upon N.P.C.”
mijksDr fo'ks"krkvksa osQ ckotwn Vh&ifjekik¡dksa esa ,d nks"k Hkh gksrk gS vkSj og ;g gS fd ,d vad&forj.k tks
le&forfjr (normally distributed) ugha gS mls Hkh >wB&ewB le&forfjr eku fy;k tkrk gSA
(4) H-izkIrk¡d (Hull Scores)—H-izkIrk¡d T-izkIrk¡d osQ gh leku gSA vUrj osQoy ;g gS fd T-izkIrk¡d esa
tgk¡ Z-izkIrk¡dksa dks 10 ls xq.kk fd;k tkrk gS ogk¡ H-izkIrk¡d osQ fy;s Z-izkIrk¡d esa 14 ls xq.kk dh tkrh gSA bl
izdkj H-izkIrk¡d Kkr djus dk :ikUrfjr lw=k fuEu gks tkrk gSμ
H = 50 + 14 Z
X − M
tgk¡] Z =
σ
(5) C-izkIrk¡d (C-Scores)—C-ifjekik¡d Hkh T-ifjekik¡d dh Hkk¡fr lkekU;hÑr ekud izkIrk¡d (standard
normalised scores) gSA budk izfriknu ts-ih- fxyiQMZ (J.P. Guilford) us fd;kA bl C-LosQy osQ vUrxZr
ekiuh osQ izkIrkadksa dk izlkj 0 ls 10 rd gksrk gSA dgus dk rkRi;Z gS fd ewy ifjekik¡dksa dk izlkj (range)
oqQy 11 bdkb;ksa esa foHkDr gksrk gS ftldk vkSlr (M) = 5 rFkk ekud fopyu (SD) = 2 gksrk gSA
C rFkk T-ifjekik¡d fuEu lehdj.k osQ :i esa ,d nwljs ls lEcfU/r jgrs gSaμ
T = 5C + 25
or, C = .2 T – 5
C-ifjekik¡dksa dh eq[; lhek ;g gS fd bUgsa nks vadksa 0&1] 1&2 esa fy[kk tkrk gS vr% dEI;wVj ls x.kuk djrs
le; iap dkMZ esa nks dkWyeksa (column) dh t:jr iM+rh gS ftlls budk iz;ksx vf/d [kphZyk gks tkrk gSA
(6) LVsu izkIrk¡d (Sten-Score)— vkj- ch- oSQfVy dks tkrk gSA bl LVsu&ekiuh ij O;fDr 1 ls 10 rd vad
izkIr dj ldrk gS ftldk vkSlr izkIrk¡d 5-5 gksrk gSA ifjHkk"kk osQ :i esa ge dg ldrs gSa fd ¶;s os izfreku
lkekU;hÑr izkIrk¡d gSa ftudk eè;eku 5-5 rFkk ekud fopyu 2 gksrk gSA¸ (Sten scores are standard
normalized score with a mean S.D. equal to 2)
228 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY