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'kSf{kd ekiu rFkk ewY;kadu




                    uksV          d{kk lkr osQ fo|kFkhZ ljy lehdj.k lEcU/h dfBukbZ Lrj rd osQ iz'uksa dks vklkuh ls gy dj ldrs gSa vkSj
                                  vxj os gy ugha dj ldrs rks mudh dfBukb;k¡ dgk¡ vkSj fdl izdkj dh vkrh gSaA ijh{kk dk mijksDr izk:i
                                  osQoy ljy lehdj.k esa ckydksa dks tks dfBukb;k¡ gks ldrh gSa mudh [kkst esa lgk;d fl¼ gks ldrk gSA





                                         mipkjkRed izfØ;k,¡ D;k gSa\

                                  26-8 lkjka'k (Summary)


                                    • funkukRed ijh{kk,a miyfC/ ijh{k.k dk gh ,d :i gS ftlosQ vUrxZr fof'k"V oLrq vFkok vf/xe
                                        vuqHko osQ v£tr Kku dh fof'k"Vrkvksa ,oa dfe;ksa dk ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk gSA bu ijh{kkvksa ls
                                        fo|k£Fk;ksa osQ Lrj dk irk ugha yxk;k tkrk cfYd fo|kFkhZ fdlh fo"k; dks le>us esa D;k dfBukbZ
                                        vuqHko dj jgk gSA
                                    • fof'k"V ckydxr detksjh ,oa dfBukbZ dks nwj djus gsrq vè;kid dks viuh vè;kiu fof/ esa vko';d
                                        ifjorZu ykuk iM+rk gS rkfd ckyd viuh ;ksX;rkuqlkj vf/dre vf/xe vuqHko izkIr dj losQA bl
                                        vè;kid izfØ;k dks mipkjkRed vè;kiu (Remedial Teaching) dgrs gSaA
                                    • ¶funkukRed ijh{k.k O;fDr dh tk¡p djus osQ i'pkr~ fdlh ,d ;k vf/d {ks=kksa esa mldh fo'ks"krkvksa
                                        ,oa dfe;ksa dks O;Dr djrk gSA¸
                                    • funkukRed ijh{kkvksa osQ izeq[k mís'; bl izdkj gSaμ
                                          1- vè;kid dks viuh vè;kiu izfØ;k esa leqfpr lq/kj gsrq ijke'kZ iznku djukA
                                          2- fof'k"V fo"k;&oLrqxr vf/xe bdkbZ esa izkIr xq.kksa osQ vk/kj ij fo|kFkhZ ,oa vfHkHkkod dks 'kSf{kd
                                             ,oa O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku iznku djukA

                                          3- Nk=k dh fo"k; lEcU/h dfe;ksa  (weaknessess), ghurkvksa  (deficiencies) rFkk dfBukb;ksa
                                             (difficulties) dh tkudkjh izkIr djukA
                                          4- f'k{k.k&vf/xe (Teaching-Learning) dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks izHkko'kkyh cukukA
                                          5- fofHkUu fo"k; lEcU/h fof'k"Vrkvksa ,oa dfe;ksa osQ vk/kj ij ikB~;iqLrdksa vFkok ikB~;Øe esa
                                             ifjorZu ykuk rFkk mUgsa Nk=kksa dh n`f"V ls vf/d mi;ksxh cukukA
                                    • funkukRed ijh{kkvksa dh fo'ks"krk,a (Characteristics of Diagnostic Tests)
                                        fdlh funkukRed ijh{kk dks vè;kid ,oa Nk=kksa dh n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gksus osQ fy, mlesa fuEu xq.kksa dk
                                        gksuk visf{kr gSμ

                                          1- ;s ijh{kk,a ikB~;Øe dk vfHkUu vax gksrh gSaA
                                          2- ;s ijh{kk,a izekihÑr gksrh gSa ijUrq oqQN fo'ks"kKksa dk fopkj gS fd funkukRed ijh{kkvksa dks
                                             izekihÑr ugha fd;k tkrk gSA
                                          3- ;s ijh{kk,a fof'k"V mís';ksa (specific objectives) osQ vuq:i gksrh gSaA
                                          4- ;s ijh{kk,a ckyd dh ;ksX;rk dk ekiu ugha djrha cfYd fo"k; lEcU/h detksjh dk funku djosQ
                                             mlosQ mipkj dh O;oLFkk djrh gSaA
                                    • funku dh ijh{k.k fof/ Hkh nks izdkj dh tkrh gSμ(1) fujh{k.k fof/ (Observational Technique) rFkk
                                        (2) funkukRed ijh{k.k (Diagnostic Test)A



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