Page 326 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

'kSf{kd ekiu rFkk ewY;kadu

uksV vc eku yhft, ijh{kkFkhZ bu iz'uksa dks gy djrs le; izFke nks iz'u rks lgh gy dj ysrk gS ysfdu mlls vkxs
osQ n'keyo lEcU/h ;k vU; izdkj osQ iz'u gy ugha dj ikrk rks ge ;g fu"d"kZ fudky ysrs gSa fd fo|kFkhZ
ljy lehdj.k lEcU/h ljy iz'uksa dks rks gy dj ldrk gS ysfdu n'keyo lEcU/h iz'uksa dks gy ugha dj
ldrkA vr% fo"k; vè;kid viuk è;ku bl vksj osQfUnzr dj nsrk gS rFkk mu dkj.kksa dk funku djrk gS fd
ftudh otg ls fo|kFkhZ n'keyo lEcU/h ljy lehdj.k ij vk/kfjr iz'uksa dks gy ugha dj ikrkA ;w¡ rks
funkukRed ijh{k.kksa dk fuekZ.k ,oa ekudhdj.k izfØ;k miyfC/ ijh{k.kksa osQ gh leku gS] fiQj Hkh ;s nksuksa ijh{k.k
oqQN lhek esa fHkUu gSaA funkukRed ijh{k.k O;fDr osQfUnzr rFkk lewg osQfUnzr nks izdkj dk gksrk gSA O;fDr osQfUnzr
esa fo|kFkhZ fo'ks"k dh detksfj;ksa rFkk ;ksX;rkvksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj ijh{k.k inksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gS tcfd
lewg osQfUnzr ijh{k.k esa lewg dh lkewfgd fof'k"V =kqfV;ksa (Specific group errors) vFkok detksfj;ksa dks è;ku
esa j[kdj ijh{k.k inksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA ijh{k.k inksa osQ fuekZ.k gsrq Nk=kksa }kjk dh tkus okyh lkekU;
,oa fof'k"V =kqfV;ksa dks ,df=kr fd;k tkrk gSA bu =kqfV;ksa osQ izdkj ,oa fn'kk osQ vk/kj ij ijh{k.k inksa osQ Stems
rFkk Distractors fu/kZfjr fd;s tkrs gSaA Distractors ftruh lw{erk ls ,df=kr fd;s tk;saxs dkS'ky dh dlkSVh
esa mruh gh fofo/rk vk;sxhA vr% Nk=kksa dh O;fDrxr ,oa lkewfgd =kqfV;ksa dk ckjhdh ls vè;;u djus osQ i'pkr~
gh mUgsa in :i esa izLrqr djuk pkfg;sA bu ijh{kkvksa esa vadksa dk fo'ys"k.k Hkh ^O;fDrxr* ,oa ^lkewfgd* =kqfV;ksa
osQ 'kh"kZd osQ vUrxZr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk nksuksa izdkj dh =kqfV;ksa osQ fuokj.k gsrq Hkh vyx&vyx mipkjkRed
vè;kiu iz.kkyh (Remedial Teaching Method) iz;ksx esa yk;h tkrh gSaA

funkukRed ijh{k.k ekSfyd dkS'ky ijh{k.k gS tcfd miyfC/ ijh{k.k dk fuekZ.k
fof'k"V dkS'ky dh izkfIr esa mldh ;ksX;rk ;k v;ksX;rk ls lEcfU/r ugha gksrk oju~
og lkekU; miyfC/ dk ifjpk;d gksrk gSA

26-6 funku dh izfØ;k (Process of Diagnosis)

'kS{kf.kd funku dh izfØ;k osQ egRoiw.kZ in fuEu ik¡p gSaμ
(a) funku osQ fy, mi;qDr Nk=kksa dk p;u (Selection of students who need diagnosis)μloZizFke mu
Nk=kksa dh [kkst dh tkrh gS tks fo|ky; esa lek;kstu dj ikus esa dfBukbZ dk vuqHko dj jgs gksrs gSaA ;s os Nk=k
gSa tks fdlh ,d vFkok vf/d fo"k;kas esa detksj gksrs gSa rFkk LowQy dh oqQN vU; fØ;kvksa esa Bhd ls lek;kstu
ugha dj ikrs gSaA ,sls ckydksa dk irk yxkus osQ fy, fuEu fof/;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSμ
1- izR;sd Nk=k dks viuh detksjh ,oa izk;% mlosQ dkj.k Hkh Kkr gksrs gSaA vr% ,sls ckydksa dks ftUgsa funku
dh vko';drk gks Lo;a gh vè;kid osQ lEeq[k vkuk pkfg;sA
2- ftu Nk=kksa dh miyfC/ (Achievement) vlUrks"ktud gks mUgsa lkiQY; ijh{kk (Achievement Test) rFkk
cqf¼ ijh{kk,a (Inteligence Test) ysdj Nk¡V fy;k tk;sA
3- ftu ckydksa dks funku dh vko';drk gS mudk p;u vè;kid oxZ vius vuqHko osQ vk/kj ij Hkh dj
ldrk gSA
4- fo|ky; esa gqbZ fofHkUu ijh{kkvksa osQ ijh{kkiQyksa osQ vk/kj ij Hkh ,sls Nk=kksa dk p;u fd;k tk ldrk gSA
5- ,sls Nk=kksa osQ p;u esa lk{kkRdkj (Interview) izfof/ dkiQh gn rd lgk;d fl¼ gks ldrh gSA
6- ,sls Nk=k Hkh gksrs gSa ftudh cqf¼ yfC/ (I.Q.) dkiQh Åaph gksus ij Hkh fu"iknu (Achievement) cgqr gh
fuEu Lrj dk gksrk gS rFkk ,sls Nk=k Hkh feyrs gSa tks d{kk esa rks izFke vkrs gSa ysfdu lekt esa lek;kstu
LFkkfir ugha dj ikrs vr% ,sls Low achievers rFkk Misfits dk cM+k lko/kuh ls p;u djuk pkfg;sA

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