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'kSf{kd ekiu rFkk ewY;kadu
uksV jpukRedrk osQ izdk'ku esa vR;f/d lg;ksxh fl¼ gksrh gSa vkSj ;gh dkj.k gS fd fo"k; pkgs dksbZ Hkh D;ksa
u gks mlls lEcfU/r Kku ,oa oqQ'kyrkvksa dh miyfC/ dh tk¡p fyf[kr :i esa djus osQ fy;s fuca/kRed
iz'uksa dh vfuok;Zrk dks dHkh utj vUnkt ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
fucU/kRed iz'uksa dh lgk;rk ls ckyd }kjk v£tr fo"k; lEcU/h Kku ,oa oqQ'kyrkvksa vkfn dh
foLr`r ,oa xgu :i esa tk¡p dh tk ldrh gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r dhft, (Fill in the blanks)μ
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1. fucU/kRed ijh{kk osQ ijEijkxr :i dks izn£'kr djrh gSA
2. fucU/kRed ijh{kk esa iz'uksa osQ mÙkjksa esa iw.kZ LoPNanrk] foLr`rrk rFkk xgurk gksus osQ dkj.k buesa
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dk gksuk LokHkkfod gks tkrk gSA
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3. fucU/kRed ijh{kk,¡ mPp osQ ekiu dk ,d l'kDr lk/u gSA
4. -------- ls fucU/kRed ijh{kk,¡ Bhd ekuh tkrh gSaA
29-3 fuca/kRed ijh{k.k osQ nks"k (Limitations of Essay Type Test)
(1) fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa vkSj muosQ ifj.kkeksa esa iwjh rjg ls vfo'oluh;rk (Un-reliability) dk xq.k ik;k
tkrk gSA fo'oluh;rk rHkh gksrh gS tcfd ijh{kk osQ ifj.kkeksa esa ,d:i (Consistency) cuh jgsA ijUrq
bu ijh{kkvksa esa ,slk ugha gksrk ,d gh fuca/kRed iz'u i=k dks ,d ckyd }kjk fHkUu&fHkUu le; ;k
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gy fd;k tk;s rks mlosQ mÙkjksa vkSj izkIrkadksa esa oqQN vUrj fey tk;sxkA blh izdkj vxj
,d fo|kFkhZ dh mÙkj iqfLrdk dks vyx&vyx ijh{kk vFkok ,d gh ijh{kd ls fHkUu&fHkUu ifjfLFkfr;ksa
esa ewY;kadu djk;k tk;s rks izkIrkadksa esa dkiQh vUrj ns[kus dks fey tkrk gSA bl izdkj ls fd;k gqvk
ekiu vkSj ekiu dk lk/u ftlesa dksbZ vius ekiu dHkh cgqr de ;k cgqr vf/d ?kksf"kr dj fn;k
tk;s] fo'oluh; oSQls Bgjk;k tk ldrk gS\
(2) fuca/kRed ijh{kk;sa vkSj muosQ ifj.kke oS/ ;k ;FkkFkZ (Valid) ugha gksrsA oS/ ls vFkok O;ogkj ;k dk;Z
dh ;FkkFkZrk ls gksrk gSA ftl mís'; ls ijh{kk yh tk jgh gks vFkok iz'u iwNk tk jgk gks] vkSj bl mís';
dks vxj dksbZ ijh{kk iwjh djrh gS rks mls oS/ ekuk tkrk gSA fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa esa ns[kk ;g tkrk gS
fd iz'u i=k rks bfrgkl ;k Hkwxksy dk gS ijUrq mlesa ,slh Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS fd ,slk yxrk
gS fd ijh{kk bfrgkl osQ Kku dh u ysdj Hkk"kk&fgUnh ;k vaxzsth dh yh tk jgh gS D;ksafd ckyd osQ le>
esa iz'u gh ugha vkrk fiQj og fo"k; osQ Kku dh tk¡p oSQls djok;sxk\ bl rjg fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa esa
fo"k;kuqowQyrk dh deh osQ dkj.k mUgsa ;FkkFkZ rFkk oS/ ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA
(3) fucU/kRed ijh{kkvksa esa rhljh cM+h deh oLrqfu"Brk ;k oLrqxrrk (Objectivity) osQ vHkko dks ysdj
gSA buesa gj n`f"V ls vkRexrrk (Subjectivity) dk cksy&ckyk jgrk gSA ¶eqxy lkezkT; osQ iru osQ fy,
dkSu ftEesnkj Fkk] dkj.k lfgr foLrkj ls fyf[k;sA¸ blh fucU/kRed 'kSyh osQ iz'u ij vxj fopkj fd;k
tk;s rks blesa ijh{kk nsus okys vkSj ijh{kd nksuksa osQ fy, oLrqxr (Objective) n`f"V cuk;s j[kuk vlEHko
gh gks tkrk gSA vdcj] tgk¡xhj] 'kkgtgk¡] vkSjaxtsc rFkk ckn esa fdlh Hkh eqxy 'kkld dks blosQ fy;s
mÙkjnk;h Bgjkus dh ckr fo|k£Fk;ksa }kjk vius&vius erkuqlkj lksph tk ldrh gSA vc ijh{kd dgk¡ rd
348 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
