Page 355 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—29% fuca/kRed ijh{k.k % ykHk rFkk lhek,¡

fdl izdkj osQ mÙkj dks viuh n`f"V ls mfpr le>dj fdldks fdrus vad iznku djrk gS ;g mldh uksV
viuh #fp] ;ksX;rk rFkk vU; cgqr&lh ckrksa ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd lHkh ijh{kd ,d gh
mÙkj ij ,d tSls vad iznku ugha dj ldrsA
(4) fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa rFkk iz'uksa esa ckydksa dh dfBukb;ksa rFkk detksfj;ksa dks Bhd <ax ls idM+ dj funku
djus dh {kerk (Diagnosticity) dk Hkh vHkko ik;k tkrk gS vkSj blh dkj.k buosQ ifj.kke mipkjkRed
;k lq/kjkRed f'k{kk (Remedial Education) osQ fy, iz;ksx esa ugha yk;s tk ldrsA
(5) fuca/kRed ijh{kk rFkk iz'u i=kksa dh la[;k dkiQh lhfer gksrh gSA ,d iz'u i=k esa oqQy 9&10 iz'u
iwNs tkrs gSa vkSj muesa ls Hkh Nk=kksa dks 4 ;k 5 iz'u djus dks dgk tkrk gSA bu 4&5 iz'uksa osQ }kjk
o"kZ esa i<+k;s x;s lEiw.kZ ikB~;oLrq osQ Kku rFkk oqQ'kyrkvksa vkfn dh tk¡p djuk dfBu gh ugha vlEHko
Hkh gSA ;g rks rHkh gks ldrk gS tcfd iz'u&i=k bruk cM+k gks vkSj mlesa lHkh ikBksa] bdkb;ksa rFkk
vf/xe vuqHkoksa dh miyfC/ dks vk/kj cukrs gq, T;knk ls T;knk iz'u iwNus dh xqatkb'k gksA ;g dk;Z
fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa osQ }kjk u gksus osQ dkj.k ;gh dgk tkrk gS fd muesa leqfpr O;kidrk
(Comperhensiveness) ugha ikbZ tkrh vkSj bldh iw£r oLrqfu"B 'kSyh osQ iz'uksa (Objective Type
Questions) osQ }kjk gh lEHko gSA
(6) fucU/kRed ijh{kkvksa esa mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa osQ ewY;kadu dk dk;Z Hkh ijh{kdksa osQ fy, cM+h Vs<+h [khj fl¼
gksrk gSA yEcs&yEcs mÙkjksa dks vPNh rjg i<+dj vkSj mÙkjksa dh xq.koÙkk (Quality) dks vPNh rjg
ij[kdj lgh&lgh vad iznku djuk dksbZ ljy ckr ughaA ;g r; djuk fd bl izdkj osQ mÙkj esa 10
;k 20 esa ls fdrus vad fn;s tk;sa] rkfd lHkh ckydksa dk U;k; laxr ewY;kadu fd;k tk losQ vFkkZr~ fdlh
dks Hkh de ;k vf/d vad u feysaA bl rjg dh U;k; laxr rjktw dk bLrseky ijh{kd }kjk dj ikuk
eqf'dy gh gSA
fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa osQ bl izdkj osQ nks"kksa dks ns[krs gq, vc iz'u&i=kksa esa nwljh 'kSyh osQ iz'uksaμy?kq
mÙkjkRed rFkk oLrqfu"B dk izpyu dkiQh c<+ jgk gSA ijUrq lkFk gh fuca/kRed ijh{kkvksa rFkk iz'uksa dks
Hkh fcYoqQy R;kxk ugha tk jgk gSA
(7) ;s ijh{kk,¡ vf/d le; ysrh gSaA ijh{kkFkhZ fy[krs&fy[krs Fkd tkrk gS] lkFk gh] lHkh LFkkuksa ij fujh{k.k
(supervision) Hkh ,d&lk ugha gksrkA
(8) bu ijh{kkvksa dk funkukRed egRo ugha gSA iz'uksa dk mÙkj foLr`r gksus ls ijh{kkFkhZ dh detksfj;ksa dk
irk yxkuk vklku dk;Z ugha gSA vusd ijh{kkFkhZ iz'u dk mÙkj u tkurs gq, Hkh b/j&m/j dh xIisa yM+kdj
oqQN&u&oqQN fy[k gh nsrs gSa blls iwjh ijh{kk dk mís'; gh lekIr gks tkrk gSA
(9) ijh{kdksa osQ O;fDrxr ewY;kadu (standard) osQ dkj.k ijh{kkFkhZ osQ ,d fo"k; osQ vad nwljs fo"k; osQ
izkIrkadksa ls dkiQh fHkUu gksrs gSaA
(10) ijh{kd iz'u dk vPNk mÙkj izkIr gksus ij vPNs vad nsrk gS ysfdu ;fn mlls vxys iz'u dk mÙkj
vR;ar vlarks"ktud ikrk gS rks bl iz'u ij vad rks de nsrk gh gS lkFk gh iwoZ iz'u ij fn;s x;s vadksa
dks Hkh de djus dh lksprk gSA
(11) iz'uksa dks Bhd Øe ls mÙkj u nsus ij Hkh mls oqQN >q¡>ykgV eglwl gksrh gSA

(12) ;fn fdlh iz'u osQ rhu [k.M gSa vkSj ijh{kkFkhZ us mUgsa ,d gh LFkku ij Øe ls mÙkj u nsdj vyx&vyx
i`"Bksa ij vuqfpr Øe ls fy[kk gS rc Hkh ijh{kd dk ewM [kjkc gks tkrk gSA
(13) ijh{kd ,d ,sls mÙkj ij tks laf{kIr Hkys gh gks ysfdu Li"V] lqUnj o Øec¼ rjhosQ ls fy[kk x;k gS
vPNs vad nsrk gS vis{kkÑr ,d vf/d O;kid mÙkj osQ tks Li"V o LoPN Øec¼ rjhosQ ls u fy[kk
x;k gksA

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