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fJekJh^3L wkg dk g?wkBkL eqw;{ue, BKwkso, nzsokb, nB[gks
                                                             fJekJh^3L wkg dk g?wkBkL eqw;{ue, BKwkso, nzsokb, nB[gks
                                                             fJekJh^3L wkg dk g?wkBkL eqw;{ue, BKwkso, nzsokb, nB[gks
                                                             fJekJh^3L wkg dk g?wkBkL eqw;{ue, BKwkso, nzsokb, nB[gks
                                                             fJekJh^3L wkg dk g?wkBkL eqw;{ue, BKwkso, nzsokb, nB[gks
        3H3 BKwkso g?wkBk                                                                         È؇
        3H3 BKwkso g?wkBk
        3H3 BKwkso g?wkBk
        3H3 BKwkso g?wkBk  (Nominal Scale)
        3H3 BKwkso g?wkBk
        fJj wkg dk ;G s'A j/mbk ;so j?. e[M b'e fJ; Bz{ torheoD ;so d/ BK Bkb th ikDd/ jB. fJ; g?wkB/
        ft~u, wkghnK rJhnK t;sK iK xNBktK Bz{ UBK d/ e[M r[DK d/ nkXko s/ fGzB fGzB ;w{jK ft~u torhfeqs
        ehsk iKdk j? ns/ fJBk ;w{jK Bz{ UBK dh gfjukD bJh t~y t~y BK, Bzpo iK e'v fd~sk iKdk j?. fJ; ;w{j
        dk w[~y r[D fJj j? fe ;w{j ft~u ;ko/ w?Apo ;wkB j'Dr/ gqzs{ id'A UBK dh s[bBk fe;/ j'o ;w{j Bkb ehsh
        ikt/ sK Uj g{oh soK nb~r j'Dr/. ;w{j d/ fJ; r[D Bz{ nzdo{Bh fJ~eo{gsk fejk iKdk j?. T[dkjoD bJh,
        nk;Nq/bhnK ns/ Pqhbzek dhnK NhwK Bz{ nk;kB gfjukD bJh t~y t~y ozrK dhnK vq?;K fd~shnK ikDrhnK ns/ UBK
        dhnK vq?;K T[Zs/ eqwtko ‘S’ ns/ ‘A’ n~yo fby/ ikDr/. fJ;/ soK, nkdwh ns/ n"osK, r'o/ ns/ ekb/, g/Av{ ns/
        Pfjoh b'eK Bz{ th gfjukD bJh nb~r nb~r ;w{jK ft~u o~fynk ikt/rk. fJ;/ soK, vke ftsoD bJh fgB e'v
        o~yDk, fJ~e wjKBro Bz{ S'N/ y/soK ft~u ftGkfis eoBk fit/A BthA fd~bh 110001, 110009, 110065 iK
        10081 nkfd, o/bt/ ;N/PB Bz{ fJ~e nb~r b'r' d/Dk, p?AeK Bz{ t~y t~y fuzB d/Dk fit/A p?Ae nkc fJzvhnk^3,
        fd fB:{ p?Ae nkc fJzvhnk^7, e/Bok p?Ae^7, f;zvhe/N p?Ae^5 nkfd. ftfGzB cbK Bz{ e'v fd~s/ ik ;ed/ jB
        iK c[Npkb fyvkohnK Bz{ Bzpo ftsfos ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB nkfd. torheoD dhnK fJj ;kohnK fe;wK wkg
        d/ fJ; ;so s/ gq:'r ehshnK iKdhnK jB. y'i d/ fdqPNhe'D s'A fJj ;so wj~stg{oD BjhA j?, feUAfe
        fJ; ft~u e/tb fJ~e jh ;zfyneh seBhe gq:'r ehsh iKdh j?  ns/ Uj j? frDsh iK rDBk.


        3H4 eqw;{ue g?wkBk
        3H4 eqw;{ue g?wkBk
        3H4 eqw;{ue g?wkBk
        3H4 eqw;{ue g?wkBk
        3H4 eqw;{ue g?wkBk  (Ordinal Scale)
        g?wkfBnK dh ftt;Ek ft~u, eqw;{ue g?wkBk j/mK s'A d{i/ ;so s/ o~fynk iKdk j?. fJ; g?wkB/ ft~u, t;sK,
        ftnesh, xNBktK, ftP/PsktK iK gqshfeqnktK e[M r[DK d/ nkXko s/ gdeqw nB[;ko xNd/ iK tXd/ eqw
        ft~u o~yhnK iKdhnK jB. fJ; s'A pknd UBK Bz{ o?Ae fd~s/ iKd/ jB. ftfdnkoEhnK Bz{ UBK d/ gqkgs nzeK
        d/ nkXko s/ gfjbk, d{ik iK shik doik nkfd d/Dk, o[Irko ft~u T[whdtkoK Bz{ UBK dh :'rsk ns/ nB[Gt
        d/ nkXko s/ gfjb d/Dk, fyvkohnK Bz{ UBK d/ gqdoPB d/ nkXko s/ fJBkw d/Dk, ;[zdosk d/ nkXko s/ fw;
        tobv iK fw; :{Bhto; dk fyskp d/Dk, ;G s'A tXhnk T[d:'rgsh dk u[Bkt, ekbi gqkeNoh p'ov bJh
        gq'c?;o dk u[Bkt ns/ UBK Bz{ nkgDh gqPk;fBe T[gbpXh d/ nkXko s/ gdeqw nB[;ko ftt;fEs eoBk,
        cbK Bz{ UBK d/ ;[nkd ns/ ;[rzX d/ nkXko s/ ftt;fEs eoBk nkfd fJ; g?wkB/ dhnK e[M T[dkjoDK jB.
        fJ; g?wkB/ ft~u, t;sK Bz{ ftt;fEs eoD bJh n;hA nkw s"o s/ d' ftXhnK dk T[g:'r eod/ jK^ o/fye
        ftXh ns/ i'Vh s[bBk ftXh.

        gfjbh ftXh, o/fye ftXh pj[s ;ob j?. fJ; ft~u, t;sK Bz{ UBK d/ gd nB[;ko ftt;fEs ehsk iKdk
        j? fit/A fe;/ feqe/N ;hohI ft~u Gkosh feqe/N fyvkohnK Bz{ UBK d/ gqdoPB d/ nkXko s/ nB[eqw d/ o{g ft~u
        fJ; soK ftt;fEs ehsk ik ;edk j?^ ;fuB s/Ad[beo, r"sw rzGho, okj[b dqftV, tfozdo ;fjtkr,
        :[toki f;zx, n?w n?; X'Bh, ftokN e'jbh, gothB e[wko, joGiB f;zx, Pqh;zs, Ijho ykB. d{ih ftXh
        ft~u, i'Vh s[bBk ftXh ft~u, ;w{j d/ ;ko/ w?ApoK dh i'fVnK d/ o{g ft~u s[bBk ehsh iKdh j?. ;w{j ft~u
        i'fVnK dh frDsh fBoXkfos eoD bJh, j/mK fbfynk ckow{bk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?^


                       n C=  ( nn  − 1)
                         2
                              2
                            [
        fi~E/,         n C = eb ifVnK dh frDsh
                               '
                         2
        ns/             n =  ;w{j ftZu e[b fyvkohnK dh frDsh
        ukj/ fJj g?wkBk BKwkso g?wkB/ s'A fInkdk tofsnk ikdk j?, fco th fJ; Bz{ pj[s P[~X ns/ Go';/:'r o{g
        ft~u ;theko BjhA ehsk iKdk. fJ; g?wkB/ ft~u, ukj/ w~XwkB, gqshPse, ;fj^;zpzfXs r[De (r) nkfd d'
        ftneshnK ft~u nzso ;gPN eoD bJh tos/ iKd/ jB, fco th fJj d'jK ft~u n;b nzso Bz{ ;gPN BjhA
        eodk. fJj fJ; g?wkB/ dh w[~y ewh j?.






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