Page 210 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

fof'k"V f'k{kk

uksV fdlh fo"k; esa laizkfIr vk;q (attainment age) tkuus osQ fy, ekud miyfCèk ijh{k.kksa dks iz;ksx fd;k tkrk
gS rFkk izkIrkadksa dks ekud lkfj.kh dk lgk;rk ls laizkfIr vk;q esa ifjofrZr dj fy;k tkrk gSA lkekU; fiNM+kiu
(General backwardness) Kkr djus osQ fy, lHkh fo"k;ksa dh laizkfIr vk;q dk vkSlr djosQ lw=k esa j[kk tkrk gSA
mi;qZDr n`f"Vdks.kksa osQ vkèkkj ij 'kSf{kd :i ls fiNM+s ckydksa dks] foLr`r :i ls] bu 'kCnksa esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k
tk ldrk gSA ¶fiNM+k ckyd og gS tks viuh ;ksX;rkvksa osQ vuq:i 'kSf{kd izxfr ugha dj ikrk rFkk leku
vk;q osQ ckydksa ls 'kSf{kd miyfcèk esa fiNM+ tkrk gSA mlosQ lh[kus dh xfr izk;% eUn gksrh gS vkSj og 'kSf{kd
n`f"V ls fuf'pr :i ls vliQy fl¼ gksrk gSA vr% ,d gh d{kk esa dbZ o"kks± rd fojkteku jgrk gS rFkk
viuh vk;q osQ vuqlkj lkekU; d{kk ls ,d ;k nks d{kk uhps osQ dk;ks± dks djus esa Hkh vius vkidks vleFkZ
ikrk gSA mldh ekud miyfCèk ijh{k.kksa ij laizkfIr yfCèk 85 ls de gksrh gSA og] vko';d :i ls] eUn
cqf¼ ckyd ugha gksrkA¸ (A backward child one who does not progress educationally as per his
abilities and lags behind the children of the same age in educational achievement. He is usually
a slow learner nad proves himself a failure eduacationally. Therefore, remains in the same class
for years and finosq himself unable to do the work of the class next or next to next below that
which is normal for his age. On standardized achievement tests his Achievement Quotient is
below 85. He is not, essentially, a dull Child.¸)

fp=k% 'kSf{kd :i ls fiNM+k ckyd

;g fuf'pr djus osQ fy, fd dksbZ de 'kS{kf.kd miyfCèk okyk ckyd fiNM+k gqvk gS vFkok ugha] ml ckyd
dh miyfCèk dh rqyuk mldh LokHkkfod ;ksX;rk ls vFkok leku vk;q rFkk leku cqf¼&yfCèk okys ckyd dh
miyfCèk ls dh tkuh pkfg,A ;g vko';d ugha fd de] vkSlr cqf¼ yfCèk ;k ;ksX;rkvksa okys ckyd gh 'kSf{kd
:i ls fiNM+s gksaA izk;% ,slk Hkh ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd fo'ks"k izfrHkk&laiUu ckyd] ;|fi vU; leku vk;q osQ
ckydksa dh rqyuk esa mPp Lrjh; miyfCèk j[krs gSaA 'kSf{kd {ks=k esa viuh {kerkvksa ,oa ;ksX;rkvksa osQ vuq:i izxfr
ugha dj ikrsA ,sls izfrHkk'kkyh ckyd Hkh fiNM+s dh Js.kh esa vkrs gSaA nwljh vksj] ,d eUn cqf¼ ckyd fdlh
lkekU; ckyd osQ cjkcj izxfr ugha dj ikrk] mls rc rd fiNM+k ugha dgk tk ldrk tc rd fd mldh miyfCèk
dh ek=kk mlls de u gks ftruh fd og viuh ;ksX;rk osQ vkèkkj ij izkIr dj ldrk gSA

22-1-2 vijkèkh ckyd dk vFkZ ,oa ifjHkk"kk (Meaning and Definition of Delinquent
Children)

ckydksa osQ }kjk lkekftd ewY;kasa osQ foijhr fd;k x;k izr;sd dk;Z ^cky&vijkèk* dgykrk gS rFkk bUgsa djus
okys ckyd ^cky&vijkèkh* dgykrs gSaA bl izdkj osQ o`QR;ksa dk foLrkj cgqr vfèkd gSA blesa lkèkkj.k mí.Mrk
ls ysdj gR;k rFkk cykRdkj tSls xEHkhj vijkèk lfEefyr gSaA D;ksafd izR;sd jk"Vª rFkk lekt osQ vius i`Fko~Q
lkekftd ewY; rFkk uSfrd ekin.M gksrs gSa (tks le; osQ lkFk ifjofrZr gksrs jgrs gSa)A ^cky&vijkèkh* rFkk

204 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY