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izkphu ,oa eè;dkyhu dkO;
uksV ikuh ls Hkh iryk] /kq,¡ ls Hkh >huk] osx esa iou ls Hkh vf/kd mrkoyk ;k Rojkiw.kZ—,sls eu dks dchj
us nksLr cuk;k gSA94A
esjs eu esa fojfDr dh ,slh ,d njkj iM+ xbZ fd QwVs gq, LQfVd iRFkj dh Hkk¡fr og fQj u tqM+ ldk
vFkok og LQfVd iRFkj dh Hkk¡fr ,slk QVk fd fQj u tqM+ ldkA95A
lalkj ls eu ,slk QVk fd fQj mlesa u fey ldk—bl Hkkj dks cM+h gh lknh fdUrq izHkkoiw.kZ Hkk"kk esa
dchj us bl lk[kh esa izLrqr fd;k gSA
QfVd i[kkau < la- LQfVd ik"kk.k = 'kh'ks dh rjg dk ikjn'khZ ,d lQsn iRFkjA QkVk QfVd i[kkau
T;ksa—^QkVk* ;gk¡ fo'ks"k.k rFkk fØ;k nksuksa :iksa esa xzg.k fd;k tk ldrk gS( blfy, O;k[;k esa nksuksa vFkZ fn;s
x;s gSa tks leku :i ls xzká izrhr gksrs gSaA
eu dh #fp ij ugha pyuk pkfg,—vius th dhs ;g vknr NksM+ nsaA rdqos ds rkj ¼lwr½ dh rjg mls
okil iyV dj ykA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd eu dh o`fÙk;ksa dks] tks LoHkko ls cfgxkZfeuh gksrh gS] ckgj Hkkxus ls
jksddj vUnj gh dsfUnzr djuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ vkRefpUru esa yxkuk pkfg,A96A
erS = er ij] eu dh ygj ijA pkfy, = pyuk pkfg,] vkpj.k djuk pkfg,A tho = th] fpÙkA ckafu
= vknr] LoHkkoA rkdw = la- rdqZ + p[kZs esa yksgs dk og MaMk ftl ij lwr dkrdj yisVk tkrk gS] rdqokA dsjk
= dk ¼vFkok dk lEcU/k dkjd dk ijlxZ½ rkj ¼la-½ = rarq] rkxk ¼lwr ds fy, tqykgksa esa ^rkj* 'kCn gh
vf/kd izpfyr gS½A viwBk = myVk] okil( rqy- nknw&ok.kh] lk[kh 7&20 % lqjfr viwBh Qsfj dfj] vkre ekagSa
vkaf.kA vkafu = vkuks] ykvksA
dchj dgrk gS] Hkyh gS e/kqdjh ftlesa Hkk¡fr&Hkk¡fr ds vUu [kkus dks feyrs gSaA blesa fdlh dk nkok ugha]
;g fcuk foyk;r dk cM+k jkt gSA97A
e/kwdjh < la- e/kqjh = lh>s ¼ids½ gq, Hkkstu dh fHk{kkA nkok ¼v-½ = LoÙo] gd( ;g dFku fd veqd
ij esjk Hkh vf/kdkj gSA fcYykbr < v- foyk;r = fons'k] mifuos'k] nwj dk lwckA dksbZ jkT; cM+k rc gksrk gS
tc mlesa mifuos'k ¼foyk;r½ gksaA fHk{kkVu ,sls jkT; ds leku gS ftlesa fons'k&mifuos'k tkus dk dksbZ
VaVk&c[ksM+k ughaA fdlh ,d ?kj ls ek¡x ysus ij iwjk Hkkstu fey x;k] fQj rks ogh lq[k tks fons'kksa ij izHkqRo j[kus
okys jktk dks feyrk gSA rqy- xksj[kckuh] lcnh 102% tksxh lks tks eu tksxoS] fcu fcYykbr jkt HkksxoSA blls
Kkr gksrk gS fd e/;;qx esa ^fcu fcYykbr jkt* ,slh yksdksfDr gh izpfyr gks xbZ FkhA
xkus gh esa jksuk fNik gS vkSj jksus gh esa xkuk( blh izdkj dksbZ oSjkxh ?kj cuk ysrk gS ¼x`gLFkh tksM+rk gS½]
dksbZ x`gLFk oSjkx jek ysrk gSA98A
xkou < la- xk;u = xkuA jkst < izk- #Tt < la- #n~ = jksuk( rqy- in~ekor 247&2% cjtk firSa g¡lh vkSj
jkstwA fo'ks"k—x`gLFk vkSj oSjkxh esa tks lw{e vUrj gS mldks Li"V djus ds fy, dchj us cM+k gh lw{e n`"Vkar pquk
gSA xs#vk oL=k igu ysus ls vkSj taxy esa clus ls gh dksbZ cSjkxh ugha gks tkrk] ;fn okluk,¡ mldk lkFk ugha
NksM+rhaaA nwljh vksj ,d x`gh Hkh ohrjkx gks ldrk gS tSls tud FksA vFkkZr~ x`gh vkSj oSjkxh dh lPph ifjHkk"kk muds
eu ds fo'ys"k.k ij vk/kkfjr gS—Bhd oSls gh tSls xkus esa jksuk fNik jg ldrk gS vkSj jksus esa xkukA
dchj dgrk gS] i<+uk nwj djks vkSj iqLrd Qsad nksA o.kZekyk ds ckou v{kjksa dks 'kks/k dj jdkj vkSj
edkj esa fpr yxkvks ¼ftuls ^jke* curk gS—'ks"k lkjh i<+kbZ O;FkZ gS!½A99A
jjS eeSa—jjadkj rFkk eeadkj] ^j* vkSj ^e*A rqy- ekul] cky- nks- 20&&
,d N=kq ,d eqdqV efu] lc cjufu ij tksmA
,d N=kq ,d eqdqV efu] lc cjufu ij tksmA
,d N=kq ,d eqdqV efu] lc cjufu ij tksmA
,d N=kq ,d eqdqV efu] lc cjufu ij tksmA
,d N=kq ,d eqdqV efu] lc cjufu ij tksmA
rqylh j?kqcj uke ds] cju fcjktr nksm Ï
rqylh j?kqcj uke ds] cju fcjktr nksm Ï
rqylh j?kqcj uke ds] cju fcjktr nksm Ï
rqylh j?kqcj uke ds] cju fcjktr nksm Ï
rqylh j?kqcj uke ds] cju fcjktr nksm Ï
'kuS% 'kuS% lc pys x;s—lqr x;k] foÙk x;k] dkfeuh xbZ vkSj dke x;k( vFkkZr~ lHkh okluk,¡ lekIr
gks xb±—vc rks dchjnkl jke esa ^,desd* gksdj fey jgk gSA
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