Page 77 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

ukrsnkjh dk lekt'kkL=k

uksV dgrs gSaA ,d O;fDr osQ jDr ls lEcfU/r lHkh fj'rsnkj ftlesa firk ,oa ekrk nksuksa i{kkssa osQ lEcU/h gksrs gSa]
ekr` cU/q (Cognates) dgykrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ,d o;fDr osQ nknk&nknh] pspsjs HkkbZ&cfgu tks fd
fir`i{kh; gSa ,oa ukuk&ukuh] ekek&ekSlh tks fd fir`i{kh; gSa] feydj ekr` cU/q dgyk;saxsA ekr`i{kh; oa'kkuqØe
Hkkjr esa xkjks] [kklh] uk;j] vejhdu] bf.M;u] vkLVsªfy;k dh tutkfr;ksa] b.Mksusf'k;k] eyk;k] osQUnzh; vizQhdk
dh ckaVw tutkfr rFkk ?kkuk dh vdku tutkfr esa ik;k tkrk gSA
dbZ ckj oa'k dk fu/kZj.k ekrk vFkok firk esa ls fdlh ,d dh vis{kk nksuksa i{kksa ls gksrk gSA rks ,sls oa'kkuqØe
dks f}&i{kh; oa'kkuqØe (Bilateral Descent) dgrs gSaA tc oa'kkuqØe ekrk vFkok firk esa ls fdlh Hkh
,d ls fxuk tk ldrk gS rks bls lafnX/ i{kh; oa'kkuqØe (Ambilateral Descent) dgrs gSaA ,slh
fLFkfr esa ;g iwjk fuf'pr ugha gksrk gS fd x.uk fdl i{k ls dh tks;xhA blhfy, gh bls lafnX/ i{kh;
oa'kkuqØe dgk tkrk gSA bl izdkj dk oa'kkuqØe fu/kZj.k U;wthyS.M osQ gkiq ekvksfj;ksa (Hapu maories) esa
ik;k tkrk gSA
,d ifjokj osQ cPpksa tSls] HkkbZ&HkkbZ] HkkbZ&cfgu] vkfn osQ lEcU/ksa dks cU/qRo O;oLFkk esa le&ik'Zo cU/q
(Collateral Kin) dgrs gSaA bl izdkj ,d gh ekrk&firk osQ cPps le&ik'oZ cU/q gSaA yhp dk er gS fd
tc ,d gh oa'kkuqØe lewg osQ lnL; ,d LFkku ij ,d&nwljs osQ fudV jgrs gksa rks mls LFkkuh; oa'kkuqØe
lewg (Local Descent Group) dgrs gSaA iQksjVsl us oa'kkuqØe vkSj fir`Ro (Descent and filiation)
esa Hksn fd;k gSA fdlh O;fDr dk vius ekrk&firk ls lEcU/ fir`Ro ;k iq=kRo (Filiation) dgykrk gS] tcfd
mldk vius iwoZtksa ls lEcU/ oa'kkuqØe dgykrk gSA bl izdkj oa'kkuqØe esa fir`Ro dh vis{kk ihf<+;ksa dh xgjkbZ
gksrh gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djsaµ
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1- ,d O;fDr osQ nknk&nknh] ppsjs HkkbZ&cgu tks gSaA
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2- ekrk vFkok firk esa ls fdlh ,d dh vis{kk nksuksa i{k ls gksrk gS] rks ,sls oa'kkuqØe dks dgrs gSaA
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3- ,d ifjokj osQ cPpksa tSls] HkkbZ&HkkbZ] HkkbZ&cfgu] vkfn osQ laca/ksa dks c/qRo O;oLFkk esa dgrs gSaA
oa'kkuqØe ossQ izdk;Z (Functions of Descent)

vf/dka'k vkfne ,oa iwoZ vkS|ksfxd lektksa esa oa'kkuqØe dk egÙo cU/qvksa osQ foLrkj dks crkus dh n`f"V ls
ugha gS] oju~ blosQ vk/kj ij ;g Hkh fu/kZfjr fd;k tkrk gS fd lkekftd thou osQ fofHkUu i{kksa dk laxBu
fdu&fdu i{kksa esa gks ldrk gS vkSj fdu esa ugha\ iQksjVsl vkSj czkmu dk er gS fd oa'kkuqØe osQ vk/kj ij
gh inkf/dkj ,oa lEifÙk esa mÙkjkf/dkj r; fd;k tkrk gSA vkØe.k] lqj{kk] /kfeZd dk;Z] nkg&laLdkj]
fudVkfHkxeu] fuokl] vkfn fofHkUu iz;kstuksa esa dkSu&dkSu ls lEcU/h lfEefyr fd;s tk;saxs vkSj dkSu ls ugha]
;g Hkh oa'kkuqØe ls r; fd;k tkrk gSA oa'kkuqØe dh tkudkjh jktuhfrd ,ao dkuwuh] cká ,oa ?kjsyw i{kksa dks
le>us osQ fy, vko';d gSA blosQ vk/kj ij gh L=kh dh iztuu 'kfDr ,oa ;kSu lEcU/h vf/dkjksa dks fu;fer
fd;k tkrk gSA O;fDr dh lkekftd izfLFkfr osQ fu/kZj.k] ukrsnkjh 'kCnksa ,oa fu;eksa osQ iz;ksx dks Hkh oa'kkuqØe
osQ vk/kj ij r; fd;k tkrk gSA blh vk/kj ij Hkfo"; esa tUe ysus okyh lUrkuksa dks ,d lewg esa tksM+k tkrk
gSA

iQksjVsl dk er gS fd oa'kkuqØe O;fDr osQ lEcU/ ,oa oxhZdj.k dks fuf'pr djrk gS rFkk mlosQ lkekftd
thou dks fu;fer djrk gSA mudh ekU;rk gS fd oa'kkuqØe vkSj fir`Ro O;fDr dh lkekftd Hkwfedk ,oa in]
vf/dkj ,oa nkf;Ro dks mlh izdkj ls r; djrs gSa] ftl izdkj ls fo¯yx lgksnj fookg (Cross Cousin
Marriage) esa os O;fDr osQ fy, ifr vFkok iRuh dk p;u djrh gSaA cksguu dk er gS fd oa'kkuqØe lewg

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