Page 173 - DSOC404_METHODOLOGY_OF_SOCIAL_RESEARCH_HINDI

bdkbZµ18% xq.kkRed 'kksèk dh i¼fr ,oa rduhd

(B) xq.kkRed i¼fr;k¡ (Qualitative Methods)µ;s i¼fr;k¡ vewrZ rF;ksa dks xq.kkRed vkèkkj ij Li"V uksV
djrh gSaA
1- vkxeu vkSsj fuxeu i¼fr (Inductive and Deductive Method)µbu i¼fr;ksa dks lekt'kkL=k esa
iz;qDr djus esa egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku izkjafHkd lekt'kkfL=k;ksa dk gSA lp rks ;g gS fd lkekftd ?kVukvksa dh tfVy
o ifjorZu'khy izÑfr dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq,s gh bu i¼fr;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA bu i¼fr;ksa dk fooj.k
fuEuor~ gSaµ
(i) vkxeu i¼fr ;k fofèk (Inductive Method)µbl i¼fr esa oqQN fo'ks"k rF;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij
lkekU; fu;eksa dks fudkyk tkrk gSA bl izdkj vkxeu i¼fr og i¼fr gS tks lekt dh oqQN
fo'ks"k ?kVukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij lkekU; fu;eksa dks izfrikfnr djrh gSA bls ,d mnkgj.k }kjk
ljyrk ls le>k tk ldrk gSµeku yhft;s] ge nSfud thou esa ;g ns[krs gSa fd lksgu tks fd ekuo
gS] lewg esa jgrk gS vkSj viuh vko';drkvksa dh iw£r nwljksa osQ lg;ksx ls djrk gS_ eV: Hkh ekuo
gS vkSj lewg esa jgrk gqvk viuh vko';drkvksa dh iw£r nwljksa osQ lg;ksx ls djrk gSA blh izdkj
gjh'k Hkh viuh vko';drkvksa dh iw£r djrk gSA bu fo'ks"k ?kVukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij ge ,d lkekU;
fu;e izfrikfnr djrs gSa fd euq"; ,d lkekftd izk.kh osQ :i esa viuh vko';drkvksa dh iw£r nwljksa
osQ lg;ksx ls djrk gSA oLrqr% ;gh vkxeu gS vkSj vkxeu i¼fr gSA bl i¼fr ds leUo;kRed]
xf.krkRed] ,sfrgkfld vkfn i¼fr osQ uke ls Hkh lacksfèkr fd;k tkrk gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsaµ
---------------
1- osQ }kjk fofHkUu lekt dh leL;kvksa o ekU;rkvksa osQ fodkl] mRifÙk] fouk'k bR;kfn osQ lkekU;
dkj.kksa dh <w<+ fudkyk tkrk gSA
---------------
2- okLro esa rqyukRed i¼fr dk mi;ksx djrs le; lekt ls lacafèkr rF;ksa dks dj osQ okLrfod
fujh{k.k&ifj{k.k osQ vkèkkj ij rkSyuk pkfg,A
------------
3- bl izdkj osQ vè;;u&dk;Z osQ nkSjku fdlh Hkh Lrj ij HkkoukRed] nk'kZfud] m}sxkRed vkfn
ls nwj jguk pkfg,A

xq.k ;k ykHk (Merits or Advantages)µ

1- bl i¼fr osQ }kjk Hkwrdkyhu fu;eksa dh lR;rk dks [kkstk tk ldrk gSA
2- bl i¼fr }kjk izkIr fu"d"kZ vfèkd fo'oluh; o okLrfod gksrs gSaA
3- ;g i¼fr fuxeu i¼fr dh i;kZIr lgk;d gSA

4- ;g i¼fr euksoSKkfud Øe ij vkèkkfjr gSA

nks"k ;k dfe;k¡ (Demerits)µ
1- vèkwjs vkadM+s izkIr gksus ij fu"d"kZ vlR; gks ldrs gSaA

2- ;g i¼fr fLFkj fu;eksa dks izfrikfnr djus esa liQy ugha gks ldrhA
3- lekt'kkL=k osQ ftu {ks=kksa esa vk¡dM+s ljyrk ls miyCèk ugha gks ldrs] ogk¡ ;g i¼fr vuqi;ksxh jgrh
gSA
(ii) fuxeu i¼fr ;k fofèk (Deductive Method)µbl i¼fr ;k fofèk esa lkekU; fu;eksa osQ vkèkkj
ij fo'ks"k fu"d"kks± rd igq¡pk tkrk gSA vkSsj Hkh Li"V 'kCnksa esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd oqQN lkekU; rF;ksa
osQ vkèkkj ij fdlh fof'k"V fu"d"kZ dks izkIr djuk gh fuxeu i¼fr gSA bls ,d mnkgj.k }kjk ljyrk

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 167