Page 276 - DSOC404_METHODOLOGY_OF_SOCIAL_RESEARCH_HINDI

lkekftd 'kks/ dh i¼fr

uksV s = ekud fopyu
f = inksa dh vko`fÙk;k¡
d = izR;sd oxk±rj osQ eè; ¯cnq (x) ls lekarj ekè; dk varj vFkkZr~ (x – M) tgk¡ x izR;sd oxk±rj (Class
Interval) dk eè; ¯cnq gSA

N = vko`fÙk;ksa dk oqQy ;ksx
(ii) laf{kIr fofèk dk lw=k

∑ fd 2  ∑ fd  2
s = i −   
N N 

bl lw=k dks vkSj vfèkd ljy djus ij bldk :i bl izdkj Hkh gks ldrk gSµ
i 2 2
s = N ∑ f d − (∑ f ) d
N
mijksDr lw=k esa

s = ekud fopyu
t = oxZ foLrkj
f = inksa dh vko`fÙk;k¡
d = izR;sd oxk±rj osQ eè; ¯cnq (x) ls lekarj ekè; dk varj vFkkZr~ (x – M) tgk¡ x izR;sd oxkZUrj (Class
interval) dk eè; ¯cnq gSA

ekud fopyu Kkr djus osQ fy;s bu lw=kksa osQ iz;ksx dks vkSj vfèkd Li"V djus osQ fy;s ge ;gk¡ izR;sd izdkj
dh Js.kh dk mnkgj.k ysaxsA

(v) ljy Js.kh (Simple Series)

mnkgj.k 4- fuEufyf[kr izkIrkadksa dk ekud fopyu Kkr dhft,µ

10] 12] 14] 16] 18] 20] 22] 24] 26] 28] 30] 32

gyµizR;{k fofèk ls bl iz'u dks bl izdkj gy fd;k tk;sxkµ
∑ d 2
lw=kµ s =
N

izkIrkad ekè; (M) ls fopyu fopyu dk oxZ
2
(X) (d) ;gk¡ ekè; = 21 (d )
10 –11 121
12 –9 81
14 –7 49
16 –5 25
18 –3 9
20 –1 1
22 +1 1

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