Page 181 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kar

uksV ij yksxksa ij vR;kpkj djus ;k ;kruk,¡ nsus dk bfrgkl cM+k iqjkuk gS vkSj bl izFkk ij vHkh Hkh iwjh rjg fu;a=k.k
ugha ik;k tk ldk gSA /kfeZd Lora=krk dk vFkZ gS ljdkj }kjk bl ckr dh xkjaVh fd O;fDr fdlh Hkh /eZ]
lEiznk; vFkok vkLFkk esa fo'okl dj ldrk gS vkSj O;fDr ,oa leqnk;ksa dks vius /eZ@vkLFkk osQ vuqlkj
iwtk&vpZuk djus dk vf/dkj gSA bls fdlh Hkh /eZ dks ekuus dh Lora=krk Hkh ekuk tkrk gSA Lora=krk vf/drj
ns'kkssa ,oa leqnk;ksa }kjk ,d ekSfyd ekuoh; vf/dkj ekuk tkrk gSA ,d dkuwuh /kj.kk osQ :i eas /kfeZd Lora=krk
osQ vf/dkj dk lEcU/ /kfeZd lfg".kqrk] jkT; ,oa /eZ dk i`FkDdj.k vFkok ,d /eZfujis{k jkT; ls gSA
,sfrgkfld n`f"Vdks.k ls ^/kfeZd Lora=krk* (Freedom of religion) 'kCn dk iz;ksx vkLFkk dh fHkUu /kfeZd
O;oLFkkvksa osQ izfr ijLij lfg".kqrk osQ fy, fd;k x;k gS] tcfd iwtk&vpZuk dh Lora=krk (Freedom of
worship) dks O;fDr osQ dk;Zdykiksa dh Lora=krk osQ lkFk tksM+k x;k gSA O;fDrxr Lrj ij /kfeZd lfg".kqrk
dk vFkZ izk;% nwljs ls yksxkssa dks /eZ dks Lohdkj djus osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls fy;k tkrk gSA bldk vFkZ ;g ugha gS
fd nwljs /eZ osQ izfr fdlh O;fDr osQ fopkj Bhd vFkok lR; gSa ;k og muls lger gS_ bldk vFkZ osQoy
bruk gS fd nwljksa dks Hkh viuk /eZ vFkok vkLFkk j[kus dk leku vf/dkj gSA
vkLFkk dk vf/dkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekuo vf/dkj O+kQkuwu dk Hkh vfHkUu vax gSA ekuo vf/dkjksaa osQ loZO;kih
?kks"k.kki=k esa bldk o.kZu vuqPNsn 18 esa fd;k gSA blosQ vuqlkj izR;sd O;fDr fopkj] vUr%dj.k rFkk /eZ dk
vf/dkj j[krk gS] bl vf/dkj esa /eZ vFkok vkLFkk esa ifjorZu djus dk vf/dkj Hkh 'kkfey gSA blesa vosQys
vFkok leqnk; osQ nwljs lnL;ksa osQ lkFk feydj lkoZtfud vFkok futh Lrj ij vius /eZ vFkok vkLFkk dh
iwtk&vpZuk] f'k{k.k] vuqikyu vFkok vH;kl osQ ekè;e ls vfHkO;Dr djus dh Lora=krk Hkh fufgr gSA ekuo
vf/dkj lfefr (Human Rights Committee) osQ vuqlkj ukxfjd ,oa jktuhfrd vf/dkjksa osQ vUrjkZ"Vªh;
vfHkle; osQ ykxw gksus osQ ckn ;g vuqPNsn lHkh ns'kksa ij dkuwuh Lrj ij ykxw gks x;k gSA blosQ vuqlkj fopkj]
vUr%dj.k] /eZ vFkok fo'okl dh Lora=krk dk ;g vf/dkj /eZ vFkok vkLFkk dks izdV djus ls dgha vf/d
O;kid gSA ;g fopkj vFkok vUr%dj.k dks Lora=krk ;k fdlh Hkh /eZ vFkok fo'okl dks viukus] mlesa
ifjorZu djus vkfn osQ Åij fdlh Hkh izdkj dh lhek dks Lohdkj ugha djrkA bu Lora=krkvksa dh fcuk fdlh
'krZ osQ lqj{kk dh tkuh pkfg,A ;g lqj{kk mu ij Hkh ykxw gksrh gS tks fdlh Hkh /eZ esa fo'okl ugha djrs tSls
ekuorkoknh] ukfLrd] cqf¼oknh] fooknfiz; vkfnA bl lanHkZ esa la;qDr jk"Vª osQ ,d iwoZ egklfpo us lH;rkvksa
osQ xBca/u dh ckr dgh ftldk mís'; laLFkkxr ,oa ukxfjd lekt osQ Lrj ij ijLij iwokZxzgksa] xyr
O;k[;kvksa rFkk /zqohdj.k osQ fo#¼ Bksl mik; djus osQ fy, vfHk;ku pykuk gksA fdlh Hkh rjg dk xEHkhj
okrkZyki rHkh vkajHk gks ldrk gS ;fn nwljs lektksa ,oa laLÑfr;ksa osQ izfr okLrfod lEeku rFkk le> gksA ekuo
vf/dkjksa osQ izfr lEeku] iztkra=k] dkuwu dk 'kklu rFkk mÙkjnkf;Ùo tSlh ekU;rk,¡ ekuo tkfr dh lkewfgd
le>&cw>] izxfr ,oa psruk dk ifj.kke gSA
/kfeZd Lora=krk osQ lanHkZ esa lcls fooknkLin fo"k; viuk /eZ ifjorZu djus dk vf/dkj gSA blosQ vfrfjDr
oqQN izdkj dh fe'kujh xfrfof/;ksa ij jksd yxkus osQ fy, Hkh dbZ ns'kksa esa ppkZ;sa pyrh gSaA dbZ bLykfed jkT;ksa
rFkk phu tSls ns'kksa esa vU; /eks± dh fe'kujh xfrfof/;ksa ij cSu yxk gqvk gSA blh rjg ;wjksih; ns'kksa esa xzhl
Hkh viuh eStksfjVh ppZ osQ vfrfjDr vkSj fdlh /eZ dh fe'kujh xfrfof/;ksa dh vkKk ugha nsrkA Hkkjr esa Hkh
dbZ jkT;ksa esa fe'kujh xfrfof/;ksa fo'ks"kr% ”kksj&”kcjnLrh] ykyp vFkok pkykdh ls /eZ ifjorZu djus osQ
fo#¼ O+kQkuwu ij fiNys dbZ o"kks± ls ppkZ py jgh gSA

/kfeZd cgqyokn rFkk lkekftd lEc¼rk&oS'ohÑr lektkssa esa c<+rk /kfeZd cgqyokn
(Religious Pluralism and Social Integration)

;wjksi] vejhdh rFkk ,sf'k;k osQ miegk}hikssa osQ cgqlkaLÑfrd lektksa esa /kfeZd cgqyokn esa c<+ksrjh us /kfeZd
,oa vU; ekU;rkvksa esa bruh fofo/rk yk nh gS fd buls lkekftd lEc¼rk dh leL;k iSnk gks xbZ gSA tgk¡

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