Page 179 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

B'N
/
/
/
?
/
q
fJepkfbnk nkgD ihtB d Nhe gdkB eod j.
Z
{
/
/
[
/
'
30 dh Two ftu, o;K goh; d eb frnk ns Diderot Bkb d;sh. pknd ftPteP ;rhs T¤s o;K d /
µ
'
/
'
{
[
Z
Z
[
/
Z
{
{
Z
/
'
[
fbykJh dh eM Pkfwb jB. 1743 tbA 1744 se, o;K tfB; ftu coK;h;h okids ;eso pD. Tj 1745
'
µ
µ
Z
ftu fJe Therese b? VASSEUR d Bkb nsor ;pX ftef;s ehsh j, i pknd ftu nkgD gi puhnK dh
?
/
µ
Z
/
µ
Z
Z
µ
Z
wK pB rJh. nkgD ;ko puhnK ƒ fJe :shwyakBk ftu Sv fdsk frnk. Tj Therese pjs pknd ftu
Z
/
Z
/
Z
Z
[
µ
Z
[
[
{
/
[
Z
µ
ftnkj eo bJh. T;dh ;Beh, njekoh ns gGktPkbh Py;ns B T;ƒ nkgD got fwso Diderot fjTw
{
q
/
/
'
/
/
ns tkbNno d Bkb nkgDh d;sh sva.
/
'
Z
Z
[
;s;r ftu, Tj n;wkBsk dh tkXk ns wBy ftnesh d cb;og froktN dk gsk brkfJnk. ;s;r
µ
/
µ
/
[
{
Z
?
Z
q
{
fiBtk, fJe Pfjo j fe fJe nfwN gGkt Sv fdsk ;h d wb fBtk;h bJh ;wogs ehsk frnk j.
Z
/
Z
/
?
Z
/
T[gµfBnk; fbnk B''t/Zb/.eloise, (1761) ftu nkgD noG dk reapperead fBpX, ns edos bJh TBK dh
[
µ
Z
Q
/
[
µ
/
'
{
[
'
Z
/
q
Z
/
gwysk ns dP d ihtB dh ;XkoD ;y d wIwBK ;gPN j frnk. nkgD fJepkfbnk woDgoKs gekfPs
[
/
q
/
µ
'
[
'
/
[
/
/
[
/
/
ns T;dh vh ;:es okPNo Promeneur fsnkrh Reveries ;Adfonk ns dP d edosh gfotP dh PKsh
/
/
µ
[
[
?
/
?
d ;yd ihtB dk toDB jdk j. fJj th ;ftNiobAv dhnK MhbK d ;do GfwektK ns nkbg; dh sbjNh
[
µ
{
;h.
o;K th operas pDk. T;dh SNh operas, Le Devin Du fgv (gAv GftfPntesk) g/oh; ftZu gfjbh tko
µ
{
/
'
{
[
Z
bJh 1 wkou, 1753 ƒ ehsk frnk ;h. fJj fJe gb fjN ;kps jJh. fJE se fe |oK; d oki, NB pjok
Z
'
/
/
/
Z
'
[
/
{
'
{
jD d pktid, nkgD XB riD dh efPP eo ;D fojk ;h. o;K ;rhs bJh nkTD tkb ;kbK bJh goh; Ug /
/
/
[
[
'
/
µ
µ
[
ok dk wy nkXko pD oj. TBKB fJj th ;rhs dk fJe PpdeP B fbfynk j ns ;rhs ;esB dh fJe
[
/
Z
/
Q
?
[
µ
'
/
Z
µ
Z
/
/
µ
/
q
/
BthA gDkbh fsnko. Tj Xkofwe ekoDK bJh ;skfJnk frnk ;h. ;kwkie ;Xh ns dBK goh; ns fiBtk
/
µ
/
[
/
'
Z
ftu ;kV fdsk frnk. ;Ik d yso dk ;kwDk eoDk g fojk j, o;K Sfgnk ftu ubk frnk. TBKB 1778
{
Q
Z
/
Z
[
?
?
[
/
/
ftZu fBXB j' frnk.
eh s;h ikDd jA< oTf;JhnkT nkgDh fJBkw is ftfrnkB ns ebk, fi; ftu TBKB ebk ns /
Q
/
[
/
/
'
[
{
/
{
Z
{
'
ftfrnkB d nkXko T¤s soeh ƒ ykfoi eo fdsk T¤s fBpX gtuB d Bkb
µ
q
/
/
Z
/
[
Z
[
/
?
Z
q
Z
[
?
{
Z
/
/
fynk:ksh gkgs j, d og ftu fJj wBy d Bfse wkBeK BjhA soeh ;h.
8H2 gqp[ZXsk (Enlightenment)
gpXsk ekoB dh Two d og ftu tofDs ehsk frnk ;h. fJj fJe ;wK ;h idA ftukoeK dkoPBe nNebK
q
Z
{
[
Z
/
'
Z
[
'
'
dk eJh ftPP wV ;Ekgs BjhA ehsk j, bfeB eJh pfBnkdh wdnK T¤s ;fjwsh ftnes ehsh. soeh d /
/
[
Z
/
?
Z
/
[
[
Z
Z
/
{
/
{
?
Z
ftuko ftu nfis ftPtk; oyD oj ;B, ftfrnkBh soheK ƒ bkr eoD dh Ioos j, ns wkBsk ihtB dk
'
Z
gpX eoD bJh ;GsA nSk TgbpX rkfJv jD dk ekoB. gpXsk ftfrnkB ftu BkNeh eoKsh:A dh bVh
µ
'
q
[
Z
q
'
Z
Z
[
µ
'
µ
/
?
/
'
{
bJh ;dofGs eodk j, doPB ns okiBhsh :ogh ;funk ns ;;fesh ftu 18 ;dh d wkfXnw tbA '
Z
q
/
irk^17 tnK ;dh d ftueko tbA fbnk. fJj coK;h;h eKsh i gkogoe gdkBeofws, okiBhse ns /
'
/
q
µ
Q
'
[
/
/
µ
/
;kwkie coK;h;h okiPkjh d fj;e ftBkP tfynk d Bkb ysw, coAu nfGiks tor ns okiBhse Pesh
/
/
172
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY