Page 180 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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ftfrnkBh egofBe; ns rfbb: ftu Ponks dh eKsh ftu ofynk jfJnk j. ghNo ;wbAfre fejk fe
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;do mhe dh XkoBk bkr ehsk frnk ;h ns okik, pdb ftu, froik xo dk pukt d Bkb oki d Pk;B ƒ
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wBI{oh fdZsh j?. gqp[ZXsk co/Au ftukoeK^tkbNo, Diderot, vh Alembert, Montesquieu, ns d;onK ƒ
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pbkfJnk philosophes d Bkb iva ;B. coAu nkswfrnkB d fJbktk ;ekfNP gpXsk. utcheson, fjTw,
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;fwE ns ohv ns iowB gpXsk fe Jh;kJh, w{;k Mendelsson, ihJh bf;r, bkfJpfBN; rN ns /
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pfBnkdh frnkB d ;ko rbK nsofBfjs ftuko ftPtk; ;h fe wBy ƒ ;wMD ftu ;woEktkB j, nkgDh
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nkgD nkg dh ;s d dnko ns ;go edosh ;jkfJsk eoD bJh fe; th ;jko d fpBK, ns dBhnk dh
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gDkbh ƒ ;wMD ehsh j fe dBhnk ƒ ;wMD d fJ; BtA sohe dk nrtkJh eoDr (5 tkfbTw Cassirer
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o;K, gpXsk dk fJe Tsgkd j, fJ; xNBktK d pko ftu gsk ;h. eh T;ƒ nkgD ;wekbhBA tbA ftGfds
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nkgD frnkB d bJh, ntwkBBk ns ftneshrs okiBhse ukb ubD dh ftnkfynk ftu nkgD useless-
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ness d nkgD dV ftPtk; ;h. T[BKB ftPP og tbA fe asserting discarding TBK ;ko ftfrnkBh feskpK
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bJh fJe cB d fds, /
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HHH fJ; ftnoE ns ftnoE declaimers (dkoPfBeA) gyK, nkgD jfsnkok ftoXkGk; d Bkb P;sopd
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T¤s nr ikDk j, ;kv ftPtk; dh BhAj ;ko ns gB Tmk dDk. Tj d;Grsh ns Xow d og ftu fJ; soK Q
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d/ g[okD Bkw T[¤s/ Bcos tb'A w[;ekB, ns ftBkP ns j? fe ;ko/ g[oPK d/ p/fJZIsh ƒ nkgDh gshGk ns /
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doPB ƒ gftsok gftso cV (1958 o;KL 131^132) .
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o;K yfcnk ftfrnkB, ns ekoB d fybkc ftoX, d og ftu Tj PoXk, ftPtk;, ns Bfse nsofrnkB
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ƒ BPN eo fdsk j, i ;wki T¤s ekoeK d nkXko T¤s ehsk frnk ;h. TBK d ftoX fJe ekoB d fybkc
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prakts ;h, bJh Tj (1973 SabineL 530^531) fJe ftGukoh gP d og ftu ;u gP wfBnk. T;dk
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ftPtk; Grotius d Bkb nkgD dy tbA gfobefPs ehsk frnk ;h, feTAfe nkgD dbhb d fJe fij Yr
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brksko io dnkok mhe ;Ekgs. o;K ekoB dh Pesh ns ;gPNsk d grshPhb gGkt ƒ ykfoi eo fdsk.
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ekoB ftnesh nkgDh nfrnkBsk ƒ do eoD bJh ;woEktkB j ;edk j, bfeB TBKƒ skeptics pDkfJnk.
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fJj fJe d;Grsh GktBk ƒ BPN eoD dh rb eoD bJh fJe nXokPNohJsk ;Gkn. fJj dfpnk fdsk
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ns jwdodh ns so; torh edosh gshefonktK ftrfVnk jfJnk. TBKB T¤s Pe j fe eh f;fynk,
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fPPNkuko d mhe ysh ns fJe ;kT ;Gkn d wkfXnw tbA wBy wB Yr tbA ehsk ik ;edk j. Tj |oK;
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ftu 18 tnK ;dh d ;kwkie ;XkoK d pko ftu nkgNhw;N BjhA ;h.
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o;K, ebk, fPPNkuko, ns Phb BjhA etb wkoPb rD BPN eo fdsk, bfeB fJj th wBy edos fJBeko
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eo fdsk j, nkdwhnK TBK d n;bh nkgD nkg ƒ SgkB bJh wipo j. nkXfBe ;wki ftu, TBKB fejk
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fe yPh d;onK dh okJ T¤s pDkfJnk frnk ;h, fJj fJe jh fdb ftu bGD d pikJ,. ebk fJ; ;ukJh
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173
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