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bdkbZμ9% laoSèkkfud lajpukμU;k;ikfydk
jktnwrksa] dkmUlyksa rFkk vU; jkT; izfrfufèk;ksa ls lEcfUèkr eqdnes] ty lsuk rFkk lkeqfæd vfèkdkj {ks=k lEcUèkh uksV
lHkh iz'uksa esa mu lc fLFkfr;ksa esa tgk¡ la;qDr jkT; ,d i{k gksxk] la;qDr jkT; osQ nks ;k nks ls vfèkd jkT;ksa osQ
ikjLifjd fooknksa esa] fofHkUu jkT;ksa osQ ukxfjdksa osQ ikjLifjd fooknksa esa rFkk ,d jkT; vFkok mls ukxfjdksa vkSj
fons'kh jkT;ksa rFkk ukxfjdksa osQ ikjLifjd fooknksa esa la?kh; U;k;ikfydk dks fu.kZ; djus dk vfèkdkj gksxkA
mi;qZDr vuqPNsn osQ vuqlkj loksZPp U;k;ikfydk osQ {ks=kkfèkdkj osQ vUrxZr fuEufyf[kr eqdnes vkrs gS&
(1) lafoèkku fofèk;ksa vkSj lafèk;ksa ls lEcfUèkr eqdnesa (Cases arising under the constitution laws and
treaties),
(2) jktwnrksa] jktuhfrd vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj okf.kT; nwrksa ls lEcfUèkr eqdnesa (Case affecting ambassadors,
other public ministers and consults)
(3) ukfod eqdnesa (Admiralty Cases)
(4) ,sls eqdnesa ftuesa la;qDr jkT; vFkok dbZ ,ddksa jkT; ,d i{k osQ :i esa fooknxzLr gksa (Bases in which
the United state is party)
(5) fofHkUu ,ddksa osQ chp fookn (Controversis between citizens of different states)
lqfoèkk osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls loksZPp U;k;ikfydk osQ vfèkdkj {ks=k rFkk dk;ks± dk vè;;u fuEufyf[kr 'kh"kZdksa osQ vUrxZr
fd;k tk ldrk gS&
(d) izkjfEHkd vFkok ekSfyd {ks=kkfèkdkj (Original Jurisdiction)
([k) iqufoZpkjd {ks=kkfèkdkj (Appellate Jurisdiction)
(x) U;kf;d iqufoZyksdu dk vfèkdkj (Power of Judicial Review)
(?k) lafoèkku rFkk ukxfjd vfèkdkjksa dk lja{k.k (Custodian and Guardian of the Constitution) ,oa
(M) vU; vfèkdkj (Miscellaneous)
(d) izkjfEHkd vfèkdkj&{ks=k % lafoèkku loksZPp U;k;ky; dks izkjfEHkd vfèkdkj {ks=k nsrk gSA ;|fi dkaxzsl bl
vfèkdkj {ks=k dks ?kVk&c<+k ugha ldrh gS] fiQj Hkh bUgha fo"k;ksa ij og nwljs U;k;ky; dks vfèkdkj iznku dj ldrh
gSA lafoèkku fuEu nks fo"k;ksa ij loksZPp U;k;ky; dks izkjfEHkd vfèkdkj {ks=k iznku dj ldrk gSA
(1) ,sls ekeys ftldk lEcUèk jktnwrksa] okf.kT;&nwrksa vFkok vU; izdkj osQ fons'kh jkT;ksa osQ izfrfufèk;ksa ls gksA
vkèkqfud ;qx esa ,sls >xM+s jk"Vªh; U;k;ky; eas de mBk;s tkrs gSa D;ksafd ;s vUrjkZ"Vªh; fofèk rFkk izFkkvksa osQ vUrxZr
vkrs gSaA
(2) ,sls ekeys ftuesa ,d i{k la;qDr&jkT; la?k esa lfEefyr dksbZ jkT; gks vFkkZr~ ,sls >xM+s ftuesa nks ls vfèkd
jkT; 'kkfey gksa] la;qDr&jkT; ij eqdnek fd;k gks ;k ,d&ls vfèkd jkT;ksa us la;qDr jkT; ij eqdnek fd;k gksA
([k) iqufoZpkjd vfèkdkj {ks=k % vejhdh lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj izkjfEHkd {ks=k osQ fo"k;ksa dks NksM+dj vU;
lHkh fo"k;ksa ij loksZPp U;k;ky; dk vihy vfèkdkj&{ks=k gksxkA ysfdu dkaxzsl bl vfèkdkj&{ks=k esa ifjorZu
yk ldrh gS mls ?kVk ;k c<+k ldrh gSA bl vfèkdkj osQ varxZr loksZPp U;k;ky;] jkT; U;k;ky; rFkk fuEu
la?kh; U;k;ky; osQ fo:¼ vihy lqurk gSA og mRizs"k.k osQ fjV (Writ of Certioral) }kjk jkT; osQ U;k;ky;ksa
ls ,sls lHkh ekeyksa dks vius fopkj osQ fy, eaxok ldrk gS ftlesa lafoèkku dh fdlh O;oLFkk ;k lafèk dh
O;k[;k dk iz'u fufgr gksA jkT; U;k;ky;ksa ls vihy dh lquokbZ rHkh gksrh gS tc jkT; osQ mPp U;k;ky;
us la?k osQ fdlh dkuwu ;k lafèk osQ fo:¼ fu.kZ; fn;k gks ;k la?kh; fofèk rFkk lafèk osQ izfrdwy fdlh jkT;&fofèk
dks oSèk ?kksf"kr fd;k gksA fuEu la?kh; U;k;ky;ksa osQ fo:¼ vihy rHkh lquh tkrh gS tc muosQ }kjk jkT; fofèk
bl vkèkkj ij voSèk ?kksf"kr dj nh x;h gks fd mlesa lafoèkku] dkuwu ;k lfUèk dk mYya?ku gks jgk gSA 1936
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 217
