Page 217 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV z jk"Vªifr ,d varjax eaf=keaMy (Kitchen Cabinet) dh lykg ls dk;Z djrk gS ftlesa mlosQ fo'oLr fe=k
vkSj mPpkfèkdkjh lfEefyr gksrs gSaA eaf=keaMy dks lÙkk esa jgus osQ fy, laln dk fo'okl çkIr gksuk pkfg,A
z jk"Vªifr vkKfIr;ka (Decrees) tkjh dj ldrk gS tks dkuwu dh rjg ekU; gksrh gSA ijarq ;s vkKfIr;ka çpfyr
dkuwu osQ fo:¼ ugha gksuh pkfg,A fiQj laln bUgsa fujLr Hkh dj ldrh gSA nwljh vksj] jk"Vªifr Hkh
lalnμ}kjkμikfjr foèks;d (Bill) dks dkuwu cuus ls jksd ldrk gSA
z ns'k dh j{kk (Defence) dk nkf;Ro l¡Hkkyus osQ fy, jk"Vªifr lqj{kk&ifj"kn~ (Security Council) fu;qDr
djrk gS ftldk vè;{k og Lo;a gksrk gSA og osQaæh; cSad (Central Bank) osQ vè;{k (Chairperson)]
egk&vfHk;kstd (prosecutor General) rFkk U;k;ikfydk (Judiciary) osQ çeq[k lnL;ksa dh fu;qfDr dk
çLrko laln osQ ikl Hkstrk gSA
z jk"Vªifr&in dk mEehnokj de&ls&de nl yk[k ernkrkvksa osQ }kjk euksuhr gksuk pkfg,_ buessa fdlh ,d
vapy (Region) ;k x.kjkT; (Republic) osQ ernkrkvksa dh la[;k dqy la[;k dh 7» ls T;knk ugha gksuh pkfg,A
z :l esa foèkkf;dk (Legislture) osQ d`R; la?kh; lHkk (Federal Assembly) dks lkSisa x, gSaA blesa nks lnu
(Chambers) j[ks x, gSaA voj lnu (Lower House) dks LVsV M~;wek dgk tkrk gSA blesa 450 lnL;ksa dh
O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA mPp lnu (Upper House) dks la?kh; ifj"kn~ (Federal Council) dgk tkrk gSA blesa
178 lnL;ksa dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA
z phuh x.kra=k dk lafoèkku lalnh; loksZPprk osQ fl¼kar ij vkèkkfjr gSA ;g 'kfÙkQ;ksa osQ i`FkDdj.k osQ fl¼kar
dks vLohÑr djrk gSA vr% phuh lafoèkku esa fczfV'k rFkk lksfo;r lalnksa dh Hkkafr loksZPp foèkkf;dk la?k
dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSA bls jk"Vªh; tu&dkaxzsl dgrs gSaA
z jk"Vªh; tudkaxszl ,dlnukRed lHkk gSA ijaijkxr iztkrkaf=kd i¼fr osQ izfrdwy blesa osQoy ,d lnu gS]
;|fi phu ,d cgqjk"Vªh; jkT; gS] fdUrq jk"Vªh;rkvksa dks izfrfufèkRo iznku djus osQ fy, nwljs lnu dh
O;oLFkk ugha dh x;h gSA
z u, lafoèkku esa jk"Vªh; tudkaxszl osQ lnL;ksa dh la[;k fuf'Pkr ugha dh x;h gSA blosQ lnL;ksa dh la[;k dkuwu
}kjk fuf'pr dh tkrh gSA 1954bZ- osQ lafoèkku esa Hkh ,slh gh O;oLFkk FkhA NBh jk"Vªh; dk¡xszl (6 twu] 1983)
esa lnL;ksa dh la[;k 2]978 Fkh A blosQ lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu izkarksa] Lok;Ùk'kklh {ks=kksa] osQUnz'kkflr uxjikfydkvksa
rFkk tueqfÙkQ lsuk (People's Liberaton Army) osQ }kjk gksrk gSA ;g 56 jk"Vª&tkfr;ksa dk izfrfufèkRo djrh
gSA blesa 75 izfr'kr izfrfufèk Jfed fdlku vkSj lSfud gSaA
z lafoèkku dh èkkjk 17 esa jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl dh 'kfÙkQ;ksa vkSj dk;ksZa dh ppkZ dh x;h gSA bls lafoèkku esa
la'kksèku yksu] dkuwu cukus] lkE;oknh ny dh osQUnzh; slfefr dh fliQkfj'k ij izèkkuea=kh vkSj jkT;ifj"kn~
osQ lnL;ksa dh fu;qfDr djus vkSj c[kkZLr djus] jk"Vªh; vkfFkZd ;kstuk] jk"Vªh; ctV vkSj jktdh;
ys[kk&tks[kk dks Lohd`r djus vkSj vU; mu vfèkdkjksa vkSj d`R;ksa osQ iz;ksx dk vfèkdkj gS] ftUgsa ;g
vko';d le>s A blosQ vfrfjDr] lafoèkku osQ vU; micUèkksa }kjk Hkh dqN vfèkdkj bls izkIr gSA èkkjk
18 bls LFkk;h lfefr osQ vè;{k] mikè;{k vkSj lnL;ksa dks pquus rFkk inP;qr djus dk vfèkdkj nsrh
gS] èkkjk 16 jkT;ifj"kn~ dks blosQ izfr mÙknk;h cukrh gS] vkSj èkkjk 25 loksZPp tuU;k;ky;ksa dks blosQ
izfr mÙkjnk;h cukrh gSA

8-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

vfèkuk;d ra=k % rkuk'kkgh O;oLFkk
ikysZek % iQsap Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gS ftldk vFkZ gSμ okn fookn ;k fopkj&foe'kZ djus okyh ,d lHkk

212 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY