Page 213 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV (iii) foèkk;h vfèkdkj&foèkk;h {ks=k esa Hkh LFkk;h lfefr osQ vfèkdkj O;kid gSaA lafoèkku bls vkKkfIr;k¡ tkjh
djus dk vfèkdkj nsrk gSA pw¡fd tu&dkaxzsl dh CkSBd cgqr yacs vjls ckn vkSj FkksM+s le; osQ fy, gksrh gS
blfy, vkKkfIr;k¡ tkjh djus dk egÙo c<+ tkrk gSA iwoZ lksfo;r :l esa Hkh izsftfM;e dks vkKkfIr;k¡ tkjh
djus dk vfèkdkj FkkA ysfdu] Pkhu dh LFkk;h lfefr dh ;g 'kfÙkQ vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gS] D;ksafd jk"Vªh;
tudkaxzsl dh cSBd yach vofèk osQ ckn gqvk djrh gSA ;g Hkh egÙoiw.kZ gS fd vkKkfIr;ksa dk ewY; jk"Vªh;
tudkaxzsl }kjk ikfjr fofèk;ksa osQ cjkcj gSA ;s phu esa Hkh jktdh; laLFkkvksa] vfèkdkjksa vkSj ukxfjoQksa ij ykxw gksrh
gSA vkKkfIr;k¡ osQoy dkuwu dk gh LFkku ughas ysrh gSA] cfYd os dkuwu dh O;k[;k Hkh djrh gS] ;k dkuwu ykxw
djus osQ fy, vkns'k osQ :i esa tkjh dh tkrh gSA la{ksi esa] LFkk;h lfefr dk dkuwu cukus osQ lacaèk esa vfèkdkj
cgqr gh O;kid vkSj egÙoiw.kZ gSA

(iv) U;kf;d vfèkdkj& tgk¡ rd U;kf;d vfèkdkj dk iz'u gS] bl {ks=k esa Hkh LFkk;h lfefr dks O;kid vfèkdkj
fn, x, gSaA LFkk;h lfefr dks dkuwuksa dh O;k[;k dk vfèkdkj izkIr gSA LFkk;h lfefr dks loksZPp tu&U;k;ky;
osQ vè;{kksa dh fu;qfÙkQ vkSj o[kkZLrxh dk Hkh vfèkdkj fn;k x;k gSA ;g U;k;ky;ksa osQ dk;ksZa dh ns[kHkky Hkh djrh
gSA LFkk;h lfefr fdlh ljdkjh foHkkx osQ xSj&dkuwuh fu.kZ; dks jí Hkh dj ldrh gSA lkFk&ghs&lkFk fdlh dkuwuh
leL;k osQ egÙoiw.kZ eqís ij LFkk;h lfefr dk fu.kZ; gh vafre ekuk tkrk gSA
(v) vU; vfèkdkj&mi;ZqÙkQ vfèkdkjksa osQ vfrfjDr LFkk;h lfefr dks bu lkjs vfèkdkjksa vkSj dk;kZsa osQ lEiknu
dk vfèkdkj gS] tks bls jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl }kjk lkSais tkrs gSaA ;g izkoèkku bruk O;kid gS fd bldk iz;ksx dj
jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl dksbZ Hkh vfèkdkj LFkk;h lfefr dks lkSai ldrh gSA bl lacaèk esa phu osQ jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl osQ
LFkk;h lfefr osQ vfèkdkj iwoZ lksfo;r la?k osQ izftfM;e ls vfèkd O;kid gSA
var esa] lafoèkkuμfuekZrkvksa dks ;g Li"V mís'; fn[kk;h iM+rk gS fd LFkk;h lfefr dks jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl osQ vèkhu
j[kk tk;A lafoèkku jk"Vªh; tudkaxzsl dks jkT; 'kfDr dk loksZPp vax ekurk gS] ftlosQ çfr LFkk;h lfefr mÙkjnk;h
gSA O;kogkj esa lkE;oknh ny dh osQUæh; lfefr osQ çR;{k fu;a=k.k esa dk;Z djus osQ dkj.k LFkk;h lfefr dk LFkku
xkS.k iM+ tkrk gS] og lkE;oknh ny dh uhfr;ksa dk vk¡[k ew¡n dj leFkZu djrh gS vkSj mlosQ funsZ'ku rFkk usr`Ro
esa dke djrh gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self-Assessment)
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, (Fill in the Blanks)—

1- Úkal dk iape x.kjkT; --------------------------------- osQ usr`Ro esa LFkkfir fd;k x;kA
2- tujy n xkWy -------------------------------- rd Úkal osQ jk"Vªifr jgsA
3- fnlacj -------------------------- osQ lafoèkku osQ varxZr :l esa la?kh; x.kjkT; dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA
4- jkT; ifj"kn~ fLol la?kh; lHkk dk ---------------------------------------- gSA
5- vejhdh dkaxzsl dh lfefr dks vkerkSj ij ------------------------ dh laKk nh tkrh gSA

8-3 lkjka'k (Summary)

z lS¼kafrd n`f"V ls fczfV'k laln esa jkteqdqV (The Crown)] ykMZ lHkk (House of Lords) vkSj dkWeUl lHkk
(House of Commons) rhuksa vk tkrs gSaA ykMZ lHkk dks mPp lnu] mijyk lnu (Upper House) ;k nwljk
lnu (Second Chamber) dgk tkrk gS_ dkWeUl lHkk dks fuEu lnu ;k voj lnu (Lower House) dgk
tkrk gSA ijarq okLro esa dkWeUl lHkk dh 'kfDr;ka vkSj ÑR; ykMZ lHkk dh rqyuk esa vfèkd foLr`r vkSj
egÙoiw.kZ gSaA O;kogkfjd vkSj jktuhfrd dkj.kksa ls dkWeUl lHkk dks fczfV'k laln dk i;kZ;okph le>k tkrk
gS D;ksafd blosQ lnL;ksa dk pquko tulkèkkj.k osQ }kjk fd;k tkrk gS_ blh lnu dks fofèk&fuekZ.k dh vafrd
'kfDr çkIr gS_ vkSj eaf=keaMy (Cabinet) vius vfLrRo osQ fy, blh lnu osQ fo'okl (Confidence) ij
vkfJr gSA

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