Page 53 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV yksxksa osQ jktuhfrd O;ogkj ls lEcafèkr iwokZuqeku djus esa dkuwu dk Kku cgqr egÙoiw.kZ vkèkkj iznku djrk gSA
bl mikxe dk tsysfud tSlk ,d fof'k"V vè;s;rk gesa ijke'kZ nsrk gS fd laxfBr lekt dks ek=k lkekftd ;k
jktuhfrd ifj?kVuk gh ugha cfYd mls lkoZtfud dkuwu] vfèkdkjksa vkSj drZO;ksa dk leqPp; le>k tk, ftldh
uhao fo'kq¼ rdZ vkSj dkj.k ij Mkyh xbZ gSA bldk vk'k; ;g gS fd o`f¼ vkSj fodkl osQ tho osQ :i esa fofèkrj
vkSj lkekftd 'kfDr;ksa osQ fopkj dks le>s fcuk] jkT; dks ugha le>k tk ldrk tks bl fopkj dh i`"BHkwfe esa
fufgr gS vkSj bl dkj.k os bldh cgqr lh fØ;kvksa vkSj vkilh izfrfØ;kvksa osQ fy, ftEesnkj gSaA cgjgky] ;gk¡
bl ckr dk vo'; gh mYys[k fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd bl mikxe osQ ifjizs{; cgqr gh ladh.kZ gSA dkuwu osQ vèkhu
lkoZtfud thou dk ,d gh i{k vkrk gS vkSj blh dkj.k blosQ vUrxZr jktuhfrd dk;ks± dk iw.kZ O;ogkj ugha
vk ldrkA tSls vkn'kZokfn;ksa dh bl vkèkkj ij vkykspuk dh tk ldrh gS fd jkT; ,d uSfrd lÙkk osQ vfrfjDr
vkSj dqN ugha gSa] fo'ys"k.kkRed U;k;okfn;ksa }kjk Hkh ;g xyrh dh tkrh gS fd os gj jktuhfrd iz.kkyh osQ gj
i{k dks ,d U;kf;d lÙkk dk :i iznku dj nsrs gSaA dkuwu dh vUroZLrq dk foèkk;h 'kfDr osQ ekè;e ls fuèkkZj.k
djuk jktuhfrd dk;Z gSa lkekU;r;k bldh O;k[;k fofèkd mikxe osQ vfrfjDr fdlh vU; mikxe osQ vkèkkj
ij gksuh pkfg,A

tSlh Åij ppkZ dh xbZ gS ijEijkxr mikxeksa dh pkj eq[; fdLesa gSaA mudk mYys[kuh; y{; ;g gS fd muesa
ewY;&Hkkfjr iz.kkyh dk izHkqRo gSA fu;kedrkokn mUgsa fofp=k vkSj fof'k"V y{k.k iznku djrk gSA blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i]
jktuhfrd fl¼kar dks ewrZ] dkYifud] fparukRed vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd nk'kZfud dgk tkrk gSA fo'ks"kr% fu;kedrkokn
mYys[kuh; ppkZ ij cy nsrk gS ;g jktuhfrd vkpj.k osQ uSfrd ekun.M dh LFkkiuk djuk pkgrk gS
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, (Fill in the Blanks)—
1- jktuhfr osQ vè;;u osQ fy, lcls iqjkuk mikxe -------------------------- gSA
2- ------------------ bl èkkj.kk ij fVdk gS fd jktuhfrd fl¼kar dk Hk.Mkj] lkekftd&vkfFkZd ladV
rFkk muosQ }kjk egku fpUrdksa osQ euksa ij NksM+h xbZ çfrfØ;kvksa esa ls vkrk gSA
3- ------------------ dks dbZ vejhdh vkSj vaxzst ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA

4- jk"Vªh; vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; jktuhfr osQ vè;;u ij ------------------- ykxw fd;k tkrk gSA
5- jkT; dks çeq[k :i ls dkuwu cukus vkSj mls ykxw djus okyk laxBu ---------- esa dgk x;k
gSA
2-4 lkjka'k (Summary)

z rqyukRed i¼fr dk iz;ksx jktuhfr'kkL=k osQ vè;;u esa jktuhfr'kkL=k osQ tud vjLrw osQ le; ls gksrk
vk;k gSA fllsjks] iksyhfc;l VslhVl] eSfd;kosyh] eksUVsLD;w] VkDdfoy] cstgkV] lj gsujh esu rFkk czkbl
bR;kfn vusd jktuhfrd nk'kZfudksa o jktuhfr'kkfL=k;ksa us vius vè;;uksa esa bl i¼fr dk mi;ksx fd;k gSA
bl i¼fr osQ iz;ksx ls vè;;udrkZ] fofHkUu jkT;ksa] muosQ laxBuksa] mudh uhfr;ksa ,oa dk;Zdykiksa dk
rqyukRed vè;;u djrk gS vkSj bl izdkj dh rqyukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij jktuhfrd fu"d"kZ fudkyus dk iz;Ru
djrk gSA
z rqyukRed jktuhfr esa rks rqyukRed i¼fr vkèkkjHkwr gSA rqyukRed jktuhfr dk lEcUèk jktuhfrd
laLFkkvksa dh dk;Zfofèk o jktuhfrd O;ogkj dh egRoiw.kZ fujUrjrkvksa] lekurkvksa vkSj vlekurkvksa ls
gksus osQ dkj.k] bl i¼fr osQ }kjk gh ;g fujUrjrk,¡] lekurk,¡ vkSj vlekurk,¡ le>h o [kksth tk ldrh
gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd dbZ ckj rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj rqyukRed i¼fr dks leku&vFkhZ (synonyms)
;k ,d&nwljs dk i;kZ; eku fy;k tkrk gSA

48 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY