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Javeed Ahmad Bhat, Lovely Professional University                             boQkbZμ3% lafoèkku vkSj lafoèkkuokn




                                                                                                      uksV
                            boQkbZμ3: lafoèkku vkSj lafoèkkuokn
                     (Constitution and Constitutionalism)






              vuqØef.koQk (Contents)
              mís'; (Objectives)

              izLrkouk (Introduction)
              3-1 lafoèkku oQk vFkZ vkSj fooQkl (Meaning and Development of Constitution)

              3-2 lafoèkkuokn oQh voèkkj.kk,¡% mnkjoknh vkSj ekDlZoknh èkkj.kk (Concepts of constitutionalism :
                  Liberal and Marxist notions)
              3-3 lkjka'k (Summary)

              3-4 'kCnoQks'k (Keywords)
              3-5 vH;kl&ç'u (Review Questions)
              3-6 lanHkZ iqLrosQa (Further Readings)


            mís'; (Objectives)


            bl boQkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ ;ksX; gksaxsμ
            z   lafoèkku vkSj lafoèkkuokn osQ vFkZ vkSj muoQh voèkkj.kkvksa oQh O;k[;k oQjus esaA

            izLrkouk (Introduction)


            ekuo lekt esa ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* oQk çknqHkkZo oQc vkSj foQu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gqvk ;g vHkh roQ oQYiuk oQk gh
            fo"k; gS\ ekuo us oQc vius vkioQks ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* osQ vèkhu foQ;k] bl ckjs esa fuf'pr :i ls vkt Hkh
            oQqN ugha oQgk tk loQrkA ijUrq tc ls çkjfEHkoQ lekt oQk mn; gqvk] 'kk;n rHkh ls gh ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* oQks
            tUe nsus okyh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ çLrqr gqb±A lEHkor;k blh 'kfDr osQ ç;ksx ls vkfnoQkyhu ekuo lekt esa oQqN O;oLFkk
            o fLFkjrk oQh LFkkiuk gqbZA blfy;s ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* oQk gj lekt esa vkjEHk ls gh egÙo ekuk tk loQrk gSA
            ijUrq T;ksa&T;ksa euq"; esa lkekftoQrk c<+rh xbZ vkSj laxfBr thou oQk egÙo o mi;ksfxrk Li"V gksus yxh] R;ksa&R;ksa
            O;ofLFkr thou oQks O;kogkfjoQ cukus okyh ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* esa voihM+u o ckè;rk oQk rÙo lekfo"V gksrk
            x;kA ;g ;gk¡ roQ c<+k foQ orZeku esa bl 'kfDr }kjk vU; lHkh çoQkj oQh 'kfDr;ksa (vkfFkZoQ] lkekftoQ o lSfuoQ)
            ij u osQoy fu;a=k.k gh j[kk tkrk gS] vfirq muoQh lhekvksa oQk fuèkkZj.k Hkh gksrk gSA

            ^jktuhfroQ 'kfDr* esa ;g ckè;rk o vfuok;Zrk oQk rÙo blosQ mi;ksx vkSj nq#i;ksx osQ {ks=k oQks O;kioQre cuk
            nsrk gSA bloQh loksZifjrk blesa nq#i;ksx oQh vkSj Hkh lEHkkouk,¡ fufgr oQj nsrh gSA jkT;] tks bl 'kfDr oQk çrhoQ
            gS] oQgha vius vki esa lkè; u cu tk,] rFkk jkT; oQh 'kfDr oQks O;ogkj esa ç;qDr oQjus okyh ljoQkj ;k 'kkloQ]
            LosPNkpkjh cuoQj mu lc mís';ksa o y{;ksa oQh vogsyuk u oQjsa] ftuoQh çkfIr osQ fy,] euq"; us jktuhfroQ lÙkk
            oQh l`f"V oQh rFkk vjktoQ vLrO;oLrrk oQh cksf>y tathjksa ls cpus osQ fy, jktuhfroQ 'kfDr osQ voihM+oQ
            (coercive) cUèku LohoQkj foQ;s] ;g vko';oQ gS foQ ljoQkj vkSj 'kkloQksa oQks fu;af=kr o lhfer j[kk tk,A oQksbZ




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