Page 58 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV esa oSfnd ea=kksPpkj.k osQ }kjk bu /kfeZd ÑR;ksa dks iwjk fd;k tkrk gSA bl izdkj fgUnw fookg ,d /kfeZd ÑR;
gS D;ksafd L=kh osQ fy, fookg vfuok;Z le>k tkrk gS vkSj mldks thou i;ZUr vius ifr osQ lax /kfeZd dk;Z
iwjs djus iM+rs gSaA fgUnw fookg ,d /kfeZd ÑR;] v[k.Muh; gksus osQ dkj.k Hkh gS] viuh ethZ ls nksuksa i{k
fookg dks folftZr ugha dj ldrsA pw¡fd fookg vfoltZuh; gS] ifr&iRuh dks ,d&nwljs osQ fy, R;kx djrs
gq, viuh vknrksa] fetkt] vkn'kks± vkSj fgrksa dks O;ofLFkr djuk iM+rk gSA fgUnw fookg dksbZ lk/kj.k ?kVuk ugha
gS] ;g thou Hkj osQ fy, le>kSrk vkSj O;oLFkkiu dh laLFkk gSA

fookg ifjokj vkSj leqnk; osQ izfr ,d lkekftd drZO; gS] vkSj blfy, blesa O;fDr dk fgr de gksrk gSA
ifr&iRuh osQoy O;fDr ugha gS] ijUrq os o`gn ifjokj vkSj tkfr (leqnk;) osQ vax gSaA ysfdu ifr&iRuh vius
mÙkjnkf;Roksa vkSj fo'ks"kkf/dkjksa esa dHkh Hkh leku ugha jgs gSaA iRuh dks ifrozrk ukjh dk vkn'kZ ekuuk iM+rk
gS] vius ifr osQ izfr HkfDr iznf'kZr djkuh iM+rh gSA blh vkn'kZ osQ dkj.k lrh izFkk dks izksRlkgu feyk gS vkSj
fo/ok iqufoZokg dks cqjk ekuk tkrk gSA vkt bl ifjfLFkfr esa cgqr ifjorZu vk pqdk gSA 1955 osQ fgUnw fookg
vf/fu;e] lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd psruk] f'k{kk vkSj 'kgjh jkstxkj vkfn osQ dkj.k fgUnw fookg osQ /kfeZd Hkko
esa deh vkbZ gSA yksx rykd dks Lohdkj djus yxs gSaA fo/ok iqufoZokg Hkh vf/d gksus yxs gSaA efgyk;sa iq#"kksa
osQ cjkcj izfLFkfr dh ek¡x djus yxh gSaA bu ifjorZuksa osQ mijkUr Hkh cgqr lhek rd /kfeZdrk fookg ls tqM+h
gqbZ gSA

fookg osQ ihNs D;k vfHkizs.kk,a gSa\

3-2-3 eqfLye fookg

;g dgk tkrk gS fd eqlyekuksa esa fookg ,d le>kSrk gS u fd fgUnqvksa dh rjg /kfeZd ÑR;A eqlyekuksa esa
fookg osQ nks izdkj gSa % (1) fudkg] vkSj (2) eqÙkkA fudkg fookg osQ vUrxZr L=kh vius ifr osQ lkFk jgrh
gS vkSj cPps ifr osQ oa'k ls tqM+s jgrs gSaA rykd ifr dk ,dek=k fo'ks"kf/dkj gSA eqÙkk fookg esa nksuksa i{kksa dh
ikjLifjd LohÑfr yh tkrh gSA le>kSrk ,d fuf'pr le; osQ fy, gksrk gS] vkSj le>kSrs dh vof/ esa iRuh
dks vius ifr dks rykd nsus dk vf/dkj ugha gSA fudkg fookg dks vPNk le>k tkrk gS] vkSj bLykeh dkuwu
esa eqÙkk dks [kjkc ekuk tkrk gSA fgUnw fookg dh rjg eqfLye fookg esa foLr`r /kfeZd fØ;k;sa ugha gksrh gSaA
eqÙkk fookg dks dkynks"k ekurs gq, bLyke us cqjk ekuk gS D;ksafd bl fookg }kjk L=kh dks mlosQ ;kSu thou esa
vf/d LorU=krk feyrh gSA eqÙkk }kjk fookg dh fLFkjrk Hkh c<+h gSA dkifM+;k osQ vuqlkj] eqfLye fookg ,d

lafonk Fkk tks ,d okyh dh mifLFkfr esa mldh LohÑfr vkSj nks lkfFk;ksa osQ lR;kiu }kjk gksrk FkkA eqÙkk fookg
esa oS;fDrd lafonk gksus osQ dkj.k u rks okyh dh vko';drk Fkh vkSj u gh fdlh lk{kh dhA bLyke esa fliZQ
iq#"k dks gh rykd dk vf/dkj gS] vkSj ;g eqfLye O;fDrxr dkuwu dk vax le>k tkrk gSA eqlyekuksa eas
fookg yM+dh osQ firk ;k fdlh ca/qtu dks esgj (o/w&'kqYd) nsus ij gh fd;k tkrk gSA esgj iRuh ij ifr
osQ fu;a=k.k vkSj mlosQ rykd nsus dk vf/dkj dk izrhd gSa vkt f'k{kk vkSj vkfFkZd LorU=krk osQ iQyLo:i
eqlyeku fL=k;k¡ vius iq#"kksa osQ cjkcj lekurk dh ek¡x dj jgh gSaA f'kf{kr eqfLye ;qod :f<+oknh eqfLye
/eZ xq#vksa dks pqukSrh ns jgs gSaA igys dh rjg vkt ,d eqlyeku iq#"k osQ fy, viuh iRuh dks euethZ ls
NksM+ nsuk ;k rykd nsuk vklku ugha gSA vkt igys ls dgha vf/d fookg dh fLFkjrk vkSj L=kh&iq#"k dh
lekurk ij cy fn;k tkrk gSA

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