Page 63 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—3% fookg

esgj dk lEcU/ fookg osQ ^miHkDr* (lgokl) gksus ls Hkh gksrk gSA fookg osQ miHkDr (consummaption) uksV
gksus ij L=kh dk esgj ij vf/dkj iwjk gks tkrk gSA ;g miHkfDr ;k rks okLrfod lEcU/ LFkkfir djosQ gks
ldrh gS ;k ml izdkj ftls dkuwu ,slk ekurk gS] tSls ifr ;k ifRu dh e`R;q gks tk;s ;k Bksl vk/kj ij vyx
gks tk;saA ifr }kjk fookg lekIr fd;s tkus ij ;k ykafNr vkfn fd;s tkus osQ i'pkr vyx gksus dh fLFkfr esa
ifRu vk/s ^fufnZ"V* (Specific) esgj dh vf/dkjh gks tkrh gSA ;fn esgj dk mYys[k u fd;k x;k gks rks og
¶eqrkr¸ esgj (Mutat) osQ fy, vf/dkjh gksrh gSA ;fn ifr&ifRu] ifRu dh igy (initiative) ij vyx gq,
gSa rks og fdlh Hkh izdkj osQ esgj dh vf/dkj ugha gksrh gS (;fn fookg dh miHkfDr ugha gqbZ gS)

eqfLye dkuwu osQ vUrxZr esgj osQ fy, fo/ok dk nkok vius ifr dh HkwlEifÙk osQ fo#¼ ,d d”kZ gSA ifr
dh lEifÙk esa ifRu dk mruk gh vf/dkj gS ftruk vU; nsunkjksa dk gSA og esgj dh jde vnk fd, tkus rd
iwjh lEifÙk dks vius ikl jksd ldrh gSA lEifÙk dks vius vf/dkj esa djus osQ fy, mls vU; fdlh okfjlksa
ls vuqefr ugha ysuh gksrhA ijUrq ;fn rykd ¶[kqyk¸ ;k ¶eqckjr¸ gqvk gS] rks efgyk dk esgj dk vf/dkj
[kRe gks tkrk gS] D;ksafd nksuksa gh ekeyksa esa ifr&ifRu feydj fookg Hkax osQ fy, lger gksrs gSaA

3-3-3 ¶eqrk¸ fookg

eqlyekuksa esa Hkh vLFkkbZ izdkj osQ fookg dk izpyu gS ftls ¶eqrk¸ fookg dgrs gSaA ;g fookg L=kh o iq#"k
osQ vkilh le>kSrs ls gksrk gS vkSj blesa dksbZ Hkh fj'rsnkj gLr{ksi ugha djrkA iq#"k dks ,d eqfLye ;k ;gwnh
;k bZlkbZ L=kh ls ¶eqrk¸ fookg osQ lafonk dk vf/dkj gS] fdUrq ,d L=kh ,d xSj&eqfLye ls ¶eqrk¸ lafonk
ugha dj ldrh gSA ¶eqrk¸ fookg ls izkIr iRuh dks ¶fl?kk¸ (Sigha) uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA vktdy Hkkjr vkSj
ikfdLrku esa bl fookg dk izpyu ugha gSA ;g osQoy vjc ns'kksa esa gh izpfyr gSA blosQ vfrfjDr ;g fookg
f'k;k yksxksa esa gh oS/ ekuk tkrk gS vkSj lqfUu;ksa eas ughaA bl izdkj osQ fookg dh oS/rk osQ fy, nks ckrsa
vko';d gSaμ(i) lgokl (cohabitation) dh vof/ igys gh fuf'pr gksuh pkfg, (ii) esgj dh jkf'k Hkh igys
gh fuf'pr gksuh pkfg,A ;fn vof/ fuf'pr ugha gS vkSj esgj fuf'pr gS rks fookg LFkkbZ ekuk tkrk gS] fdUrq
;fn vof/ fuf'pr gS vkSj esgj fuf'pr ugha gS rks fookg voS/ (void) ekuk tkrk gSA ;fn vof/ fuf'pr
gS vkSj lgokl vof/ lekfIr osQ ckn Hkh pyrk jgrk gS rks ;g eku fy;k tkrk gS fd vof/ c<+k nh xbZ gS]
vkSj bl chp mRiUu gqbZ lUrku Hkh oS/ ekuh tkrh gS] vkSj L=kh osQ lxs fj'rsnkjksa dks mUgsa Lohdkj djuk iM+rk gSA
ijUrq ¶eqrk¸ fookg L=kh&iq#"k osQ chp fojklr (inheritance) osQ vf/dkj iznku ugha djrk gSA ¶fl?kk¸ ifRu

Hkj.k&iks"k.k dh jkf'k (maintenance amount) dk nkok ugha dj ldrh gS vkSj u gh mls vius ifr dh lEifÙk
ls fojklr esa gh oqQN fgLlk feysxkA ysfdu lUrku oS/ gksus osQ dkj.k] firk dh lEifÙk esa ls viuk fgLlk
ikus dh vf/dkjh gSA eqrk fookg esa rykd Hkh ekU; ugha gS] fdUrq ifr viuh ifRu dks cps gq, le; dh ¶HksaV¸
(gift) nsdj le>kSrs (contract) dks lekIr dj ldrk gSA ;fn fookg miHkDr (consummate) ugha gqvk gS
rks iwoZ fu/kZfjr esgj dk vk/k Hkkx gh ns; gksrk gS_ fdUrq fookg osQ miHkfDr ij esgj dh iw.kZ jkf'k ns; gksrh
gSA
eqfLye dkuwu esa ¶eqrk¸ fookg dks gs; (condemned) ekuk tkrk gSA ;g u osQoy blfy, fd fookg vLFkkbZ
gksrk gS vkSj ¶oyh¸ (Wali) ;k nks lkf{k;ksa dh lgefr osQ fcuk O;fDrxr :i ls fd;k x;k le>kSrk gksrk gS]
cfYd blfy, Hkh fd L=kh us viuk ?kj ugha NksM+k rFkk mlosQ fj'rsnkjksa us ml ij viuk vf/dkj ugha NksM+k
vkSj lUrku firk dh u gks ldh] vkSj mlosQ oa'k ls lEcfU/r u gks ldhA vr% bl fookg osQ izfr fojks/h #[k
blfy, viuk;k x;k D;ksafd bl fookg esa ik;h tkus okyh ekr` LFkkuh;rk o ekr`oa'kh;rk bLyke }kjk LohÑr
fir`LFkkuh;rk o fir`oa'kh;rk ls la?k"kZ esa vkrh FkhA bLyke Hkh fookg osQ LFkkf;Ro dks ekurk gS vkSj dksbZ Hkh
ckr tks izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls vLFkkf;Ro dks c<+kok nsrh gks mldks ekU;rk iznku ugha dh xbZA

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