Page 65 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—3% fookg

cfYd bZ'oj dh lkSxU/ ysrk gS rks ifRu dks Hkh ,d fodYi (option) feyrk gS fd ;k rks og vius uksV
Åij yxk;k x;k ykaNu Lohdkj dj ys ;k fiQj ifr dh gh rjg bZ'oj dh lkSxU/ ys fd og funkZs"k
gSA bl izdkj 'kiFk ysus dks ¶fy;ku¸ dgrs gSaA ifr&ifRu osQ bl izdkj lkSxU/ ysus osQ ckn ifr dks
;g fodYi feyrk gS fd og U;k;ky; osQ ekè;e ls rykd ys ysA
1939 osQ eqfLye fookg foPNsn vf/fu;e osQ vUrxZr U;k;ky; ls U;kf;d O;oLFk }kjk Hkh rykd fy;k tk
ldrk gSA bl vf/fu;e osQ vk/kj ij efgyk dks ;g vf/dkj izkIr gS fd og fuEufyf[kr voLFkkvksa eas ifr
dks rykd ns ldrh gSμtc ifr nks o"kZ rd ifRu dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k u dj losQ_ ;fn ifr dks lkr ;k lkr o"kZ
ls vf/d dh tsy gks tk;s_ ;fn pkj ;k vf/d o"kks± ls ifr us ifRu dk ifjR;kx fd;k gks_ ifr rhu lky
rd ;kSu lEioZQ u djs_ ;fn ifr uaiqld gks_ ;fn nks lky rd ifr ikxy gks_ ;fn ifr fdlh vlkè; jksx
(dks<+ ;k oh-Mh-) ls ihfM+r gks_ ;fn ifr owzQj gks_ ;k ifRu osQ vBkjg o"kZ iw.kZ gksus ls igys ;kSu ifjiDork
/kj.k djus dk fodYi j[krk gksA
eqfLye dkuwu osQ fØ;kUo;u osQ vUrxZr thou&lkFkh osQ /eZ ifjorZu osQ dkj.k Hkh fookg foPNsn fy;k tk
ldrk gSA ifr osQ /eZ ifjorZu osQ dkj.k fookg&foPNsn rqjUr gks ldrk gSA vr% ;fn ,d iq#"k bZlkbZ /eZ esa
ifjorZu dj ysrk gS vkSj mldh iRuh bír dh vof/ iw.kZ gksus ls iwoZ gh fdlh nwljs iq#"k ls fookg dj ysrh
gS rks og f}&fookg (bigamy) dh nks"kh ugha gksxh D;ksafd /eZ ifjorZu rqjUr fookg foPNsn dk dk;Z djrk
gSA 1939 osQ vf/fu;e osQ iwoZ iRuh osQ /eZ ifjorZu djus ij Hkh fookg foPNsn rqjUr ykxw gksrk Fkk ij vc
ughaA ysfdu ;g rF; mu fL=k;ksa ij ykxw ugha gksrk tks vU; fdlh /eZ ls ifjofrZr gksdj bLyke esa vkbZ gksaA
bl izdkj ;fn dksbZ fgUnw yM+dh bLyke Lohdkj dj ysrh gS vkSj eqfLye dkuwu osQ vUrxZr fookg djrh gS
rks mlosQ bLyke R;kxus vkSj fgUnw /eZ iqu% viukus osQ rqjUr ckn gh fookg&foPNsn gks tk;sxkA ;fn og vius
iqjkus /eZ esa okil ugha vkrh gS vkSj dksbZ nwljk /eZ viuk ysrh gS (tSls bZlkbZ gks tkrh gS) rks ,sls ifjorZu
ls rqjUr fookg&foPNsn ugha gksxkA

bu lHkh ekeyksa eas fookg&foPNsn gksus ij dkuwuh izHkko bl izdkj gksaxsμiRuh bír dk ikyu djus osQ fy, ckè;
gksrh gS_ bír dh vof/ esa Hkj.k iks"k.k dh O;oLFkk djus osQ fy, ifr gh ftEesnkj gksrk gS_ ¶bír¸ dh vof/
ls iwoZ iRuh iqufookZg osQ fy, le>kSrk ugha dj ldrh_ rFkk iRuh LFkfxr esgj (Deferred Dower) dh
vfèkdkjh gksxhA
oqQN o"kZ iwoZ loksZPp U;k;ky; us ,d eqfLye efgyk 'kkg ckuks dks ifr ls rykd feyus ij Hkj.kiks"k.k&HkÙkk
fn;s tkus osQ vkns'k fd;s FksA eqfLye usrkvksa us mPpre U;k;ky; osQ bl dkuwuh fu.kZ; dks eqfLye O;fDrxr
dkuwu (Muslim Personal Law) esa gLr{ksi crk;k] ftl dkj.k ljdkj dks eqfLye efgyk (Protection of
Rights in Divorce) ,sDV] 1986 ikl djuk iM+kA blh izdkj iQjojh 1993 esa mÙkj izns'k mPp U;k;ky; us ,d
rhl&o"khZ; gehnu uke dh efgyk dks rykd feyus ij mlosQ Lo;a osQ vkSj nks cPpksa osQ fy, 32 o"khZ; ifr
ls 600 #i;s eghus iks"k.k HkÙkk fn;s tkus osQ vkns'k fd;sA eqfLye usrkvksa us bl fu.kZ; dks Hkh ¶'kjh;r¸ esa
gLr{ksi vkSj eqfLye efgyk rykd ,DV (Muslim Women’s Divorce Act) osQ izko/kuksa dk mYya?ku crk;kA
vf[ky Hkkjrh; eqfLye ilZuy yk cksMZ (The All India Muslim Personal Law Board) us rks mPp U;k;ky;
esa bl fu.kZ; osQ fo#¼ ,d iqufuZjh{k.k ;kfpdk (review petition) Hkh nkf[ky dhA
rykosQ&myfcnr izFkk (ftl esa rhu ckj ?kks"k.kk djus ls rykd gks tkrk gS) dks bykgkckn mPp U;k;ky; us
viSzy 1994 esa voS/ crk;kA bl U;k;ky; us 'kjh;r (Muslim Personal Law) ,sDV] 1937 esa ifr osQ ,d
gh le; rhu ckj rykd dgus ij rykd nsus osQ vf/dkj dk iqufuZjh{k.k fd;k vkSj fu.kZ; fn;k fd bl izdkj
dk rykd L=kh dh xfjek osQ rFkk gj ukxfjd osQ ekSfyd vf/dkjksa vkSj dÙkZO;ksa osQ fo#¼ gSA tt egksn; dh
;g Hkh ekU;rk Fkh fd ,d gh ckj esa vfujluh; (irrevocable) ?kks"k.kk djosQ fookg lekIr djuk bLyke

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