Page 165 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
;kfJnk ih okt rkfJetkV B/ th pkb ftnkj s/ pj[ gsBh ftnkj o'eD, fJ;sqhnK Bz{ f;fynk dk nfXeko BØN
fdtkT[D, ns/ ftXtktK Bz{ d[pkok ftnkj dk nfXeko fdtkT[D d/ bJh nE~e :sB ehs/. ;tkwh dfJnkBzd
;o;tsh, ;tkwh ftt/ekBzd ns/ wjkswk rKXh B/ th fJ;sqhnK d/ okiBhfse s/ ;wkfie nfXekoK d/ gqsh
o{uh fdykJh. rKXh ih dk ws ;h fe fJ;sqhnK Bz{ ezw eoB ftu T[j ePN BjhA G'rD/ ukjhd/ i' g[oP Bk
G'r ;ed/ j'D. T[j g[~so ns/ g[~sohnK Bz{ fJe ;wkB wzBD d/ g~yXo ;B. eJh B/sktK d/ ;wkfie nzd'bBK
d/ ubkT[D dk fJe bkG fJj j'fJnk fe fJ;sqhnK d/ ;wkB nfXekoK s/ w[esh d/ bJh ;wkfie u/sBk ikrqs
eoB ftu ;Qcbsk gqkgs j'Jh.
9H4H3 wfjbk ;zrmBK dk T[d/
9H4H3 wfjbk ;zrmBK dk T[d/
9H4H3 wfjbk ;zrmBK dk T[d/
9H4H3 wfjbk ;zrmBK dk T[d/
9H4H3 wfjbk ;zrmBK dk T[d/
wfjbktK d/ fJe ;zrmB, fit/A pzr wfjbk ;wki s/ wfjbk fET[;'cheb ;';kfJNh, fJ;sqhnK d/ bJh nkX[fBe
nkdoPK d/ bJh ;EkBe g~Xo T[Zs/ ezw eo oj/ ;B. gozs{ nrqDh ezw T[BQK ;zrmB d[nkok ehsk frnk i'
okPNoh g~Xo s/ ezw eo oj/ ;B. fJBK ftu gzi gqw[Zy ;zrmB ;BL Gkos wfjbk gfoPd (i' 1904 ftu
fJ;sqhnK dh w[esh d/ ;zxoP bJh nkozG j'fJnk), Gkos fJ;sqh wjkwzvb (1910 ftu ;Ekgs), wfjbk
Gkosh ;zx (Women's Indian Association) (1917 ftu J/Bh p/;/AN d[nkok ;zukfbs), Gkosh wfjbk
okPNoh gfoPd (National Council of Women in India) (1925 ftu b/vh J?povB ns/ b/vh NkNk
d[nkok nkozG ehsk frnk), ns/ nkb fJzvhnk t{w/A; ekBcoz; (wkorq/N ef;z; ns/ j'o d[nkok 1927 ftu
;Ekgs). e;s{opk rKXh dh w's d/ T[gozs e;s{opk rKXh okPNoh ;wkoe Nq;N nkozG ehsk frnk. fJBK
;G ;zrmBK B/ fJ;sqhnK dh f;fynk, godk s/ pkb ftnkj torhnK p[okJhnK dh ;wkgsh, fjzd{ nfXfB:w
ftu ;[Xko, fJ;sqhnK dh B?fse s/ G"fse gqrsh, nfXekoK s/ nt;oK dh ;wkBsk ns/ fJ;sqhnK d/ t'N
nfXeko tor/ wkwfbnK Bz{ u[fenk. fejk ik ;edk j? fe Gkosh fJ;sqhnK d/ nzd'bB B/ d' bePK dh gqkgsh
d/ bJh ezw ehsk—(i) fJ;sqhnK d/ T[sEkB d/ bJh, noEks ;wkfie ohfshnK ftu ;[Xko eo fJ;sqhnK
Bz{ ;wki ftu ouBkswe G{fwek d/ bJh :'r pDkT[Dk, (ii) wfjbktK Bz{ g[oPK d/ pokpo s/ ;wkB nfXeko
fdtkT[Dk noEks g[oPK B{z fwb/ j'J/ okiBhfse, nkofEe s/ Bkrfoe nfXekoK Bz{ fJ;sqhnK B{z th T[gbpX
eokT[Dk. gfjb/ beP B{z ‘;w{je Bkohtkdh beP’ ns/ d{i/ Bz{ “T[dko Bkohtkdh beP” fejk ik ;edk j?
fJBK wfjbk ;zrmBK B/ fiBQK oDBhshnK Bz{ ngDkfJnk T[j jB—iB ;GktK ftu wzrK oZy e/ ;oekoh
nfXekohnK d/ ;Bw[y ftuko oy e/, ;w~f;nktK d/ nKebB d/ bJh ;whshnK pDk e/ ns/ fJ;sqhnK Bz{
nzd'fbs eoB d/ bJh ;GktK dk nk:'iB eoe/.
Gkosh wfjbk nzd'bBK B{z g/qfos eoB/ tkb/ ekoe j? — fJ;sqhnK dh ;jkfJe G{fwek dh ftukoXkok T[Zs/
g~Swh f;fynk dk gqGkt, f;fyns s/ e[bhB fJ;sqhnK d[nkok e[Pb nrtkJh gqdkB ehsk ikDk, Xow d[nkok
wkBsk gqkgs ;wkfie gqEktK ftu gfotosB d/ bJh g[oP ;wki ;[XkoeK d[nkok o{uh b?Dk, ;wkfie,
Xkofwe ns/ dkoPfBe fdqPNhe'D ftu gfotosB, ;t?w;/th eoBk ;zrmBK dk g[oPK d[nkok fto'X Bk
eoBk, sEk okPNoh okiBhfse B/sktK dk fJBK nzd'bBK dk ;woEB eoBk nkfd. 1953 ftu Gkos ;oeko
d[nkok ;Ekfgs e/Adoh ;wki efbnkD p'ov th fJ;sqhnK d/ efbnkD d/ bJh J/fSe :sBK Bz{ pb gqdkB
eoBk j? ns/ g'qs;kjB fdzdk j?. Gkos ;oeko dk efbnkD wzsokbk th BroK ftu ezwekih wfjbktK d/
nktk; rqfj fBowkD s/ ft;sko bJh ;t?fSe ;zrmBK Bz{ nB[dkB fdzdk j?. oki ;oekoK th nkgDh :'iBktK
d/ wkfXnw s'A XB gqdkB eoBhnK jB sKfe iB ;fj:'r Bkb wfjbk wzvb, rqfj efbnkD, e/Ado, g/Av{
wfjbktK d/ bJh Nq/fBzr e?AgK dk nk:'iB ns/ fJ; e/tb wfjbk w?ApoK d/ ;fj:'r Bkb ;fjekoh ;whshnK
dk ;zukbB ehsk ik ;e/.

9H4H4 ;wkfie ftXkBK dk gkfos ehsk ikDk
9H4H4 ;wkfie ftXkBK dk gkfos ehsk ikDk
9H4H4 ;wkfie ftXkBK dk gkfos ehsk ikDk
9H4H4 ;wkfie ftXkBK dk gkfos ehsk ikDk
9H4H4 ;wkfie ftXkBK dk gkfos ehsk ikDk
fJ;sqhnK Bkb ;zpzfXs eM ftXkBK dk gk; ehsk ikDk fszB s~sK Bkb ;zpzfXs j?—(i) ftnkj (ii) ;zgsh
(iii) o'Irko. ftnkj ;zpzXh ftXkB ftP/P o{g ftu ftnkj dh T[wo, w[V^ftnkj, ftnkj ftS/d, fttkj
dk ;o{g ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u'D dh ;[szsosk Bkb ;zpX j?. gk; ehs/ rJ/ gqw{y ftXkB fJ; gqeko jB—
1929 dk pkb ftnkj gqshfpzp nfXfB:w 1955 dk fjzd{ ftnkj nfXfB:w ns/ 1954 dk fjzd{ ftnkj
nfXfB:w . fJBK ;G dk ft;fsqs ftt/uB fJ;/ g[;se d/ nfXenkJ/ 6 ‘fjzd{ ftnkj’ ftu ehsk frnk
j?. ;zgsh ftPne ftXkB j?.— 1929 dk fjzd{ T[ZsokfXeko ftXkB, 1939 dk fjzd{ fJ;shnaqK dk ;zgsh

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